violence against children WORLD REPORT ON - CRIN

3of infants and young children as well asattention to cultural factors.8. Implement culturally-appropriate andgender-sensitive parenting programmesand programmes that support familiesto provide a violence-free home. Governmentsshould ensure that important componentsare included in these programmessuch as: the importance of attachmentbonds between parents and their children,and increasing understanding of the physical,psychological, sexual, and cognitivedevelopment of infants, children and youngpeople in the context of social and culturalfactors; expanding child-rearing andparenting skills for fathers and mothers,including promoting non-violent relationshipsand non-violent forms of discipline,problem-solving skills, and the managementof family conflicts; addressing genderstereotypes, and emphasising the involvementof men and boys in family life. Governmentsmust develop such programmesin compliance with human rights norms,and also with reference to scientific evidenceregarding the effectiveness thereof.9. Protect especially vulnerable childrenin the family, and address gender issues.Governments should ensure a focus in allresearch, prevention, and response initiativesdealing with the family, on the situationand risks of children who are especiallyvulnerable to violence; for example,children with disabilities, refugee andother displaced children, children fromminority groups, children without parentalcare, and children affected by HIV/AIDS.Special efforts are required to understandand respond to the differing risks whichmay be faced by girls and boys, and to payattention to the concept of masculinityand gender stereotypes on violence experiencedby girls and boys.Build capacity10. Build capacity among those who workwith children and their families. Governmentsshould ensure that professionalsand non-professionals who work with andaround children and their families receiveadequate training and ongoing capacitybuilding which includes basic informationon children’s rights and the law, violenceagainst children, its prevention, early detectionand response, non-violent conflict management,and children’s rights. In addition,workers must have a clear understanding ofthe physical, sexual, emotional and cognitivedevelopment of children and youngpeople, and the links between gender andviolence. Specific skills in communicatingwith and involving children in the decisionsaffecting them should also be promoted.Build information systems11. Implement civil registration universally,including the registration of births,deaths, and marriages. Governmentsshould ensure free and accessible civil registrationwith free certification, and shouldremove penalties for late registration. Theprocess must be advocated widely, andfacilitated and implemented in coopera-95Violence against children in the home and family