Work Machines and Energy Study Guide

Work, Machines & Energy Study GuideName:What is the definition of Work?1. Work is __________________________ acting through a ________________________.2. What units would you use to measure the following?Force ______Distance _______Work ______3. Why doesn’t reading a 900 page book with really big words qualify as work under the physics definition?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Calculate Work (be sure to show your equation, substitution and answer with units)4. How much work is done on a 600 Newton person if you lift them 0.10 meters?5. How much work is done if you push on a 7000 Newton car for 2 hours, but it does not move (not even alittle bit)?6. How much force was used to lift a block 3 meters if it required 12 Joules of work to do it?

Machines7. What are three things that a simple machine can change about work to make it easier?______________________ ________________________ ____________________________8. Name as many examples as you can for each of the 6 simple machine types below:LeverInclined PlanePulleyWheel & AxleWedgeScrew9. Which simple machine above is described as an inclined plane wrapped around an axle?10. What is a fulcrum?11. Which type of lever has the effort force in the middle?12. What kinds of measurements would you need to make to find the efficiency of an inclined plane? (Hint:think about what you had to measure to find the Work input and work output?)

13. If you wanted to reduce the amount of force needed to lift a heavy box, would you use a fixed pulley or amoveable pulley?Compound Machines14. How do you know a bicycle is a compoundmachine?15. Name or label some of the simple machinesthat you can see in this picture of a bicycle.Definition of Energy16. Energy is defined as the _____________________ or ____________________ to do__________________.17. What units are used to measure the following?Energy _______Work _______m (meters) _______v (velocity) _______ (hint: the same as speed)K.E. ________G.P.E. ________g (acceleration due to gravity) 9.8 _________h (height) ________18. What type of energy is often referred to as STORED energy? ________________________19. What type of energy is referred to as ENERGY OF MOTION? ________________________20. What form of energy is matter in motion (for example a car moving on a track)?_________________________________21. What form of energy is stored in the nuclei of atoms (like the energy stored in uranium atoms that isreleased in a power plant)? _____________________________________

22. What form of energy is stored in the bonds between atoms (like energy stored between carbon atoms in achunk of wood before you burn it)? ___________________________________23. What form of energy is the vibrational motion of atoms in an object (like ice molecules moving faster andfaster until the ice melts into water)? ________________________________24. What form of energy is moving electrical charges (like moving electrons in a cord plugged into a walloutlet)? ________________________________25. Mark on the drawing of a pendulum where the kinetic energy isgreatest during the swing.26. What is the name for the weight on the end of the string?Thermal Energy27. Thermal Energy is the ____________________ amount of___________________ of the ______________________ in anobject or substance.28. Name the two things on which the amount of thermal energy depends.______________________________________ and _________________________________29. _______________________________ is the flow of thermal energy from one place to another.30. _______________________________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms in asubstance.31. A ______________________________ is an instrument used to measure temperature.32. If I say the temperature of a “boiling water” bath is 97° which temperature scale would I be using?______________________________List the following “benchmark temperatures” in both the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales.Freezing point of waterRoom temperatureBody temperatureBoiling point of waterBenchmark Fahrenheit Celsius