Focus on Energy, 2010 - Karanovic & Nikolic

14FOCUS ON ENERGYreferring to consumer protection, non-discriminatorythird party access to transmission and distributionsystems. It also refers to liquefied natural gas facilities,the unbundling of transmission and distributionfrom production and supply, the establishment ofindependent regulators, and safeguard measures inevent of a sudden crisis in energy market.EC Regulation 1228/2003/ECThis regulation sets out the rules on cross-border exchangesin electricity. In that respect it establishes acompensation mechanism for the cross border flowof electricity, the setting of harmonized principles oncross-border transmission charges and the allocationof available capacities for interconnections betweennational transmission systems. It also introducessome constraints on transmission charging policieswithin national systems.EC Directive 2004/67/ECThe 2004 Directive establishes non-discriminatorymeasures to ensure the security of natural gas supply.It emphasises security of natural gas supplies tohousehold customers. Within the framework establishedby this Directive, member states have todefine general, transparent and non-discriminatorysecurity of natural gas supply policies.EC Regulation 1775/2005/ECThe Regulation prescribes conditions for access tothe natural gas transmission networks. It includesharmonized principles for tariffs regarding access tothe network, the establishment of third party accessservices and harmonized principles for capacityallocation and congestion management, the determinationof transparency requirements, balancingrules, imbalance charges and the facilitating of energytrading capacities.EC Directive 2005/89/ECThis Directive regulates the security of electricitysupplies and infrastructure investments. Within theframework established by this Directive, memberstates have to define transparent, stable and nondiscriminatorypolicies with regard to the security ofelectricity supply.EC Directive 2006/67/ECAccording to this Directive, member states are requiredto build up and constantly maintain minimumstocks of petroleum products equal to at least90 days of the average daily internal consumptionduring the previous calendar year. The calculationof the daily internal consumption is based on dataconcerning motor and aviation fuel, gas oil, dieseloil, kerosene (and kerosene type jet-fuels), as well asfuel oils. This Directive also regulates further measureswhich are aimed at avoiding supply crises.EC Directive 2006/32/ECThis Directive promotes energy end-use efficiencyand applies to the distribution and retail sale of energy.Member states must ensure that the publicsector adopts measures to improve energy efficiency,inform the public and businesses of the measuresadopted and promote the exchange of good practices.These measures include the use of third-partyfinancing and energy performance contracts; thepurchase of energy-efficient equipment and vehiclesand the purchase of low-energy products. Memberstates must appoint one or more new or existing organizationsto carry out the administrative, managementand implementation duties in order to meettheir obligations arising under this Directive.EC Directive 2002/91/ECThe objective of this Directive is to promote theimprovement of the energy performance in buildings,taking into account outdoor climatic and localconditions, as well as indoor climate requirementsand cost-effectiveness. The key points of the Directiveare a common methodology for calculating theintegrated energy performance of buildings; the establishmentof minimum standards on the energyperformance of new buildings and existing buildingsthat are subject to major renovation; systems for theenergy certification of new and existing buildingsand for public buildings. The regular inspection ofboilers and central air-conditioning systems in buildingsand in addition an assessment of heating installationswhere the boilers are more than 15 years oldis also provided for under this Directive.EC Directive 92/75/ECThis Directive enacted in 1992, applies to varioushousehold appliances, providing that at the point ofsale, they must be accompanied by a label providinginformation relating to their energy consumption.The Acquis Communnautaireon EnvironmentEC Directive 2003/35/ECThis Directive implements obligations arisingunder the “Convention on the Access to Information,Public Participation in Decision-Makingand Access to Justice in Environmental Matters”(the “Århus Convention”) signed by the EU andthe UN/ECE. In that respect it provides for publicparticipation in respect of the drawing up of