Report - UNDP Russia

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The 2009 National Human Development Report (NHDR) for the Russian Federation has been preparedby a team of Russian experts and consultants. The analysis and policy recommendations in this Reportdo not necessarily reflect the views of the UN systems and other institutions by which the experts andconsultants are employed.Chief Author:Prof. Sergey N. Bobylev, Dr.Sc. (Economics), Faculty ofEconomics at Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityAuthors:Leonid M. Grigoryev, PhD. (Economics), President,Institute for Energy and Finance; Chairman of the Board,WWF-Russia; Dean of Management, Moscow InternationalUniversityAlexander A. Kurdin, Expert, Economic Research,Department of Economics, Institute for Energy and FinanceChapter 1Natalia V. Zubarevich, Dr.Sc. (Geography), Professor,Department of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow StateUniversity; Head of Regional Programs, IndependentInstitute for Social PolicyChapter 2Isak D. Froumin, Dr.Sc. (Pedagogics), Lead EducationSpecialist, Russia Country Department, World Bank; Head ofResearch Institute for Education Reform, State University -Higher School of EconomicsDenis V. Nikolaev, MA in Education, Consultant inEducation Sector, Human Development Department, RussiaCountry Department, World BankEducation for Energy Sector (Box 3.1)Evgeny A. Zenyutich, Ph.D. (Engineering), Director,Research Institute of Energy Efficient Technologies, NizhnyNovgorod State Technical University; General Director,Nizhny Novgorod Investment Center of Energy EfficiencyProgramme of the Ministry of Education and Science of theRussian Federation: Integrated Solutions for Saving Energyand Resources to Promote Innovative Development inVarious Sectors of the Economy (Box 5.1)Energy efficiency indicators used by the Federal EducationAgency (Box 8.2)Lilia N. Ovcharova, PhD. (Economics), Research Director,Independent Institute for Social Policy;Head of Laboratory of Distributive Relations, Institute ofSocial and Economic Studies of Population, RussianAcademy of SciencesAlexandra Ya. Burdyak, MA (Economics), SeniorResearcher, Independent Institute for Social PolicyChapter 3Prof. Boris A. Revich, Dr.Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Head ofLaboratory, Institute of Forecasting, Russian Academy ofSciencesChapter 4Igor A. Bashmakov, PhD. (Economics), Executive Director,Center for Energy Efficiency (CENEf)Chapter 5Igor S. Kozhukhovsky, PhD. (Economics), General Director,Energy Forecasting Agency (the EFA)Olga A. Novoselova, Head of Ecology and Energy EfficiencyProgram, Energy Forecasting Agency (the EFA)Chapter 6Victor I. Danilov-Danilyan, Dr.Sc. (Economics),Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy ofSciences; Director, Institute of Water Problems, RussianAcademy of SciencesChapter 7Prof. Sergey N. Bobylev, Dr.Sc. (Economics), Faculty ofEconomics at Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityChapter 8Box Contributors:Alexander A. Averchenkov, PhD (Economics), SeniorClimate Change Adviser, UNDPCorrelation between climate change, the energy sector andhuman development (Box 1.1)Opportunities for use of carbon market instruments to raisepower efficiency of the Russian economy (Box 5.2)Olga A. Murashko, Research Scientist, Institute for ResearchStudies and the Museum of Anthropology, LomonosovMoscow State University; Journal Editor, Russian Associationof Indigenous Peoples of the NorthNative Minorities of the North and the Energy Sector(Box 2.2)Prof. Rafael V. Arutyunyan, Dr.Sc. (Physics andMathematics), First Deputy Director, Institute for SafeDevelopment of Atomic Power Engineering, RussianAcademy of SciencesIrina L. Abalkina, PhD. (Economics), Senior Researcher,Laboratory of Systems Analysis, Institute for SafeDevelopment of Atomic Power Engineering, RussianAcademy of SciencesNuclear Power Opportunities (Box 6.3)Victoria R. Bityukova, Ph.D. (Geography), AssociateProfessor, Geographic Department, Lomonosov MoscowState UniversityEnvironmental Sustainability of Russia’s UrbanDevelopment (Box 7.2)Alexander S. Martynov, PhD. (Biology), Director,Independent Ecological Rating AgencyPower Efficiency Rating of Russia’s Constituent Entities(Box 8.4)National Human Development Report 2009 for the RussianFederation /Edited by Prof. Sergey Bobylev; editing in Englishby Ben W. Hooson/ Design and prepress and printing byLLC ‘Design-project ‘Samolet’. – M., 2010 – 166 pages, 45 tables,50 figures, 21 boxes.Readers are invited to inspect the latest Human DevelopmentReport for the Russian Federation. National reports such as thisare published on the initiative of the United NationsDevelopment Programme (UNDP) in many countries of theworld. Global reports are also brought out annually. The reportsare compiled by teams of independent experts.The 13 th Human Development Report for the Russian Federationassesses impact of the energy sector on the country’s economyand human development. The global economic crisis hasbrought many problems, but it also offers a window ofopportunity for Russia to transform its energy sector, whichevolved in its present form during the late 20 th century, into amodern, high-tech vanguard for the national economy in the21 st century, with due respect for the environment and humanhealth. Issues, which are the traditional subject matter of humandevelopment reports – economic development, income levels,employment, education and health care – are discussed in thecontext of the energy theme.The Report is intended for top managers, political scientists,scientific researchers, teachers and high school students.2 National Human Development Report in the Russian Federation 2009
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors express their gratitude to the management and employees of the Department ofInternational Organizations at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation: Gennady M.Gatilov, Director of the Department; Dmitry I. Maximychev, Deputy Director of the Department;Victor I. Zagrekov, Head of the UN Technical Assistance Division and the National Project Director,as well as to the staff and management of the UNDP Russia Team: Frode Mauring, UN ResidentCoordinator/UNDP Resident Representative; Sascha Graumann, Deputy Resident Representative;Elena A. Armand, National Programme Coordinator; Victoria K. Zotikova, Communication Analyst;Mikhail V. Babenko, Project Manager and Natalia V. Voronkova, Project Coordinator.The authors also thank the Federal State Statistics Service (also called ‘Rosstat’) for data provided forthe Report, as well as the participants of Public Hearings on the Report draft for their constructivecomments.3
Page 1 and 2: National Human Development Reportin
Page 3: National Human Development Reportin
Page 7 and 8: Dear Reader,You have before you the
Page 9 and 10: PREFACEThis is the 13 th National H
Page 11 and 12: country’s fuel & energy regions r
Page 13 and 14: environmental degradation and enhan
Page 15 and 16: Chapter 1The Energy Sector,the Econ
Page 17 and 18: By 2008 Russia had increased its sh
Page 19 and 20: the share of energy in the national
Page 21 and 22: exported, increased. However, this
Page 23 and 24: elimination of structural and terri
Page 25 and 26: • Establishment of competitive me
Page 27 and 28: number of developed countries, incl
Page 29 and 30: Although the United Nations Climate
Page 31 and 32: industrial region of the Urals - Sv
Page 33 and 34: 2.2. Budget capacityand structure o
Page 35 and 36: (the Federal State Statistics Servi
Page 37 and 38: Immigration by young and highly ski
Page 39 and 40: energy regions exacerbate the incom
Page 41 and 42: Khanty-Mansi and Yamal-Nenets Auton
Page 43 and 44: the Ministry for Regional Developme
Page 45 and 46: various other long-term problems in
Page 47 and 48: is also associated with the fuel an
Page 49 and 50: Republic of Mordovia 8051 0.732 68.
Page 51 and 52: Legislative control of impact audit
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 3Personal Incomes, the Ener
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than any other sources of income -
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Are wages now the main instrument f
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comparison of month-on-month develo
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• The unemployed, people who aree
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Employment in the energy sector acc
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The share of household expenditures
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subsidization practices in the regi
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in power use between regions now de
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Electricity prices for households h
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• Steady decrease in the percenta
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1. The number of graduates with eng
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As well as requiring better fuelcom
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Box 4.1. The village of Kolvain Uss
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continue to use solid fuel for a lo
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Box 4.3. Ambient air pollution andp
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either by large power generating fa
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Box 4.6. A city at riskNovocherkass
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In order to assess impact of thesee
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generation facilities through safer
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achieved in developed countries. So
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equires 2-6 times more capital inve
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government) should set targets and
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networks. In 2007 government budget
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enhancement is also important. Ener
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energy efficiency of the transport
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Box 5.1. Programme of the Ministry
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educational and informational suppo
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mechanism for using national quota
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Figure 6.2Share of electricity gene
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One of the major benefits of renewa
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odies; outdoor air; rocks and soil;
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Design and construction of geotherm
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Box 6.3. Prospects for nuclear powe
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consists of out-dated equipment at
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ConclusionThe world’s nuclear pow
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7.1. Impact of the fuel& energy sec
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Table 7.5Solid waste from productio
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Table 7.7Areas of disturbed and rec
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nature of the impact (atmospheric e
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Further, the economic cost ofenviro
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trends continued the damage would a
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What the government needs to do ino
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Figure 7.2.1Specific atmospheric em
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money value of industrial output) c
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Figure 7.2.4Trends in specific atmo
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Chapter 8The Energy Industry and Su
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eing equal) it only reflects that p
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(MDGs), issued by the UN in 2000. T
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8.4. The energy factorin integral i
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Canada, the USA and Great Britain h
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Box 8.2. Energy efficiencyindicator
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Box 8.4. Energy efficiency rating o
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41 Penza Region 116.0 -35.2 -4.542
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Appendix to Chapter 1Table 1.1. GDP
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Attachment to Chapter 4Table 4.1Rus
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Attachment to Chapter 4Volga Federa
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Attachment to Chapter 4Belovo Belov
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The previous National Human Develop
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Report - UNDP Russia

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