The Ministry of Education and Science hasdeveloped a further target programme, to beimplemented in 2009–2010, which aims to developintegrated solutions to saving energy andresources for innovative development in varioussectors of the economy. The programme, which isbacked by Presidential Decree No. 889, ‘Onmeasures to improve the energy andenvironmental efficiency of the <strong>Russia</strong>n economy’(June 4, 2008), is part of a larger federal targetprogramme for development of education in2006–2010, approved by the <strong>Russia</strong>n governmentin its Resolution No. 803 of December 23, 2005(based on a decision by the Science CoordinationCouncil of the Ministry of Education and Science).The 2009–2010 programme is intended to mobilizethe know-how of scientific organizations, highereducation institutes and specialized privatecompanies in order to improve energy efficiency ofbuildings and structures, which are theresponsibility of organizations that are subject tothe Federal Education Agency.The programme is to be partly financed bynon-budget funds provided by educationalinstitutions themselves at a ratio of 1 rouble from thebudget to at least 1 non-budget rouble. Theprogramme is unique in its breadth of approach,spanning the whole range of energy-saving measures,from energy consumption research, estimate of theenergy savings, which are achievable for educationalinstitutions, to developing infrastructure forimplementation of energy-saving projects andmonitoring of results.In 2009 a package of measures wasdeveloped for energy saving and greater energyefficiency at educational institutions reporting to theFederal Education Agency. These measures are beingfinanced by the Federal Programme for Developmentof Education in 2006–2010. They target four mainareas:1. Developing a programme of specific energysavingmeasures to be implemented by educationalinstitutions in 2010;2. Developing modern laws and regulations tohelp save energy and improve energy efficiency;3. Establishing organizational structures (regionalenergy-saving centers) at leading universities toprovide informational, methodological andeducational support for energy-saving measures;4. Creating a system for training and retraining ofpersonnel in energy-saving and improvement ofenergy efficiency.The goal of the first item on the list is todevelop a set of measures that will give energysavings of up to 25% in buildings and structures runby educational institutions, which report to theFederal Education Agency, reducing utility bills(including those paid from the federal budget) whileimproving energy efficiency, and maintainingsufficient comfort levels inside buildings andstructures without increasing their environmentalfootprint. Such energy saving measures include:• Modernizing internal and external lightingsystems, introducing energy-saving and up-todatelighting equipment.• Upgrading the heat supply system in lecture hallsand dormitories.• Purchasing automated systems for monitoringand managing fuel &energy consumption andputting them into operation.• Installing energy efficient windows and walls toreduce heat loss from buildings;• Modernizing energy consumption systems byoptimizing consumer loads, introducingfrequency drives and automatic regulation ofventilation and air conditioning units;• Purchasing and installing metres on cold water,hot water and natural gas supply systems;• Purchasing autonomous generators foreducational institutions located in areas withfrequent power outages.The second area focuses on developing andtesting energy audit methods for educationalinstitutions, refining standard energy-savingmeasures, and developing economic mechanisms foreducational institutions that would allow them tostimulate energy saving and refinance some of theirenergy-saving costs using the money saved throughreduction of energy consumption. Regulations shouldbe developed on use of performance contracts andrevolving funds by educational institutions.The goal in the third area is to set up anetwork of energy saving centres at the country’sleading universities to carry out R&D and provide104 National Human Development <strong>Report</strong> in the <strong>Russia</strong>n Federation 2009
educational and informational support on issuesrelated to fuel & energy efficiency. Completion ofinfrastructure projects will enable progress to a systemof energy-service companies with links to energysavingcenters at major universities. These energyservicecompanies will then provide integratedenergy-saving services (energy audit, preparation ofdraft business plans, financing and implementation ofenergy-saving measures).The goal in the fourth area is to create asystem for training and professional development ofprofessors and instructors (as well as technicians ofthe engineering services of educational institutions)to develop their understanding of efficient fuel &energy use.A total of 16 universities, 4 regional energysavingcenters and 7 R&D enterprises participated inimplementation of the programme in 2009, and 100higher education institutions in 7 of <strong>Russia</strong>’s federaldistricts underwent energy audits. Each of theseinstitutions was given an energy certificate andrecommended a set of energy-saving actions. Anintegrated programme of energy-saving actions forhigher education institutions reporting to the FederalEducation Agency was developed with a budget of1195.7 million roubles for 2010. Implementation ofthese energy-saving actions will enable educationalinstitutions to achieve annual savings of 382.1 millionroubles from reduced energy consumption.A network of energy-saving centers wasestablished in all of the seven federal districts, basedon 36 leading universities. The following universitieswere assigned the role of coordinatingimplementation of energy-saving programmes in thefederal districts: Pacific Economic University, IrkutskState Technical University, Ural State TechnicalUniversity, Nizhny Novgorod State TechnicalUniversity, Moscow Power Engineering Institute(Technical University), St.Petersburg State EnergyUniversity, and North Caucasus State TechnicalUniversity.A new industry methodology for conductingenergy audits of educational institutions wasdeveloped and published. This methodology was sentto 500 higher education schools. A methodologymanual on saving energy in buildings and structureswas prepared. It contains recommendations on howto implement standard energy-saving actions atbudget-funded facilities, including educationalinstitutions.The coordinating universities set up a systemfor energy-efficiency training and retraining oftechnicians at other higher-education energy-savingcenters and for engineers working in theirmaintenance departments. Curricula and trainingprogrammes were developed for undergraduate andgraduate students as well as professionaldevelopment programmes for instructors, all focusingon efficient use of energy resources. In the third andfourth quarters of 2009, some 350 people from 86higher education schools in <strong>Russia</strong> received energysavingtraining.In July through October 2009, seminars wereheld at the coordinating universities in federal districtsto share experience of developing and implementingenergy-saving programs at educational institutions. Anational conference on energy saving at educationalinstitutions was held at R.E. Alexeev Nizhniy NovgorodState Technical University on October 28 and 29, 2009.The conference was attended by representatives ofhigher-education schools from 38 regions of <strong>Russia</strong>.These projects in 2009 cost a total of 93.2million roubles and created the conditions forsuccessful implementation in 2010 of an integratedenergy-saving action programme at the 100educational institutions, which underwent energyaudits and for which energy-saving programmes weredeveloped.105
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National Human Development Reportin
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National Human Development Reportin
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors express
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Dear Reader,You have before you the
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PREFACEThis is the 13 th National H
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country’s fuel & energy regions r
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environmental degradation and enhan
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Chapter 1The Energy Sector,the Econ
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By 2008 Russia had increased its sh
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the share of energy in the national
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exported, increased. However, this
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elimination of structural and terri
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• Establishment of competitive me
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number of developed countries, incl
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Although the United Nations Climate
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industrial region of the Urals - Sv
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2.2. Budget capacityand structure o
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(the Federal State Statistics Servi
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Immigration by young and highly ski
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energy regions exacerbate the incom
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Khanty-Mansi and Yamal-Nenets Auton
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the Ministry for Regional Developme
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various other long-term problems in
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is also associated with the fuel an
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Republic of Mordovia 8051 0.732 68.
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Legislative control of impact audit
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Chapter 3Personal Incomes, the Ener
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Box 8.4. Energy efficiency rating o
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41 Penza Region 116.0 -35.2 -4.542
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Appendix to Chapter 1Table 1.1. GDP
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Attachment to Chapter 4Table 4.1Rus
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Attachment to Chapter 4Volga Federa
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Attachment to Chapter 4Belovo Belov
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The previous National Human Develop