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Tw«nty-«lght THE NAVY, <strong>Nov</strong>.-D.t -<strong>Jan</strong>., <strong>1965</strong>-<strong>1966</strong>.7United KingdomSurface Firings for SeacatThe R.N. guided missile destroyerM.MS. "Kent" demonstrated theShort Seacat short-range anti-aircraftmissile to senior U.S.N, observersat Pt. Mugu. California."Kent" provided its own KD-2Rtarget drone for the ship-to-airdemonstration and the U.S.N.Pacific Missile Range provided anaviation rescue boat as a surfacetarget. This confirms suggestionsthat Seacat has been developed tohave a surface-to-surface capability.Equipment for FaslaneAdvanced submarine navigationand training equipment for use inthe Royal <strong>Navy</strong>'s Polaris programmehas been shipped to theR.N. Polaris School at Faslane,Scotland.A computer-controlled navigationcentre simulator (NAVCENT)will enable the Polaris crews togain, in a few class-room hours,navigational experience equivalentto a week-long actual submarinecruise.In addition to evaluating thetrainees' performance under realisticpatrol conditions NAVCENT willtrain the crewmen in operation <strong>of</strong>advanced ship's inertial navigationsystems (SINS).Designed and built by N.A.A.'sAutonetics Division, the NAVCENT was shipped with the firsttwo <strong>of</strong> II Mk. 2 Mod. 3 SINS forthe R.N. Polaris fleet.Scaring the SharksThe Royal <strong>Navy</strong> is evaluatingnew methods <strong>of</strong> frightening sharksas part <strong>of</strong> the protective measuresafforded to divers or castaways.Work is being handled through theNaval Life Saving Committee,whose headquarters are at Bath.A repellent being tested takes theform <strong>of</strong> a powder that irritates themucous membranes <strong>of</strong> the shark'sgills. According to the species, thereare five, six, or seven gill openings.Experiments in which the <strong>Navy</strong>iare interested concern the form inTHE NAVY, Nm.-DK.-Jon., <strong>1965</strong>-<strong>1966</strong>which the irritant can be carried.One is a dispersable block for useby survivors; another is a spray inan aerosol container. In the lattercase divers would squirt smallquantities towards an inquisitiveshark.The present method <strong>of</strong> discouragingsharks was referred to by theMinister <strong>of</strong> Defence for the <strong>Navy</strong> inthe debate on the <strong>Navy</strong> Estimates.The repellent supplied for use inshark-infested waters consists <strong>of</strong> amixture <strong>of</strong> black dye and chemicalirritant with the addition <strong>of</strong> anothermaterial to ensure a slow rate<strong>of</strong> dissolution in water. It is packedin a fabric bag which has a plasticcover and a rip patch. A short cordis attached to trie plastic cover fortying to a life jacket or survivors'clothing.The repellent forms a cloudaround the survivor, hiding hi»head, legs, and arms from theshark. The irritant, according to anexpert, affects chiefly the shark'seyes. It is supposed to be effectivefor about an hour. Sharks havepoor eyesight in any event.The Naval Life Saving Commit"tee keeps in close touch with otherworkers in this field. AH informationgoes to the Shark ResearchPanel <strong>of</strong> the United States withwhom good relations are maintained.Repellents are tested underfield conditions and by staff atmarine laboratories in the WestIndies and Honolulu.Sharks are found infrequentlyround the coasts <strong>of</strong> Britain comparedwith those <strong>of</strong> <strong>Australia</strong>, theWest Indies, and South Africa, buta 435 lb. specimen was caught <strong>of</strong>fCornwall last summer.Famous World War 1Admiral Dies at 100Admiral <strong>of</strong> the Fleet Sir HenryFrancis Oliver, who was Chief <strong>of</strong>War Staff at the British Admiraltyduring World War I, died on 17thOctober, <strong>1965</strong>. at the age <strong>of</strong> 100.Sir Henry, who worked closelywith Sir Winston Churchill whenthe latter was First Lord <strong>of</strong> theAdmiralty, was a Commander <strong>of</strong>France's Legion <strong>of</strong> Honour and alsoheld Russian, Swedish and Americandecorations.Because he was quiet and taciturnSir Henry was known affectionatelyas "Dummy Oliver".He was also described as the"father <strong>of</strong> modem navigation".Born on <strong>Jan</strong>uary 22, 186S, he enteredthe <strong>Navy</strong> at the age <strong>of</strong> 13and went to sea two years later onboard H.M.S. Agincourt, a fivemastedvessel in the Channel Squadron.In 1900 he became navigator <strong>of</strong>Majestic, flagship <strong>of</strong> the ChannelSquadron, and, in a great feat <strong>of</strong>navigation, directed the ChannelFleet at high speed from the north<strong>of</strong> Ireland through the Irish Seato the Scilly Isles, <strong>of</strong>f the Cornishcoast in thick fog without sightingland or lights.When, in 1903, a navigationalschool was opened for the <strong>Navy</strong>,Sir Henry was promoted captain totake charge <strong>of</strong> it.In World War I, he was at firstNaval Secretary to Sir WinstonChurchill, served as Chief <strong>of</strong> theAdmiralty War Staff and hadspecial responsibility for the waragainst the German U-boats.In March, 1918, he hoisted hisflag as Rear-Admiral Afloat for thefirst time in command <strong>of</strong> the FirstBattle Cruiser Squadron <strong>of</strong> theGrand Fleet on board Repulse.He attained full admiral's rank in1923 and Admiral <strong>of</strong> the Fleet in1928. He retired in I93S but wasrestored to the active list again in1940, after World War II brokeout.
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