Jolliffe I. Principal Component Analysis (2ed., Springer, 2002)(518s)

460 Indexcanonical correlation analysis 157,183, 199, 200, 222–229, 267,309, 362, 392, 399canonical correlations 139, 157,224–225canonical covariance analysissee maximum covarianceanalysiscanonical (factor) analysis 157canonical variate (discriminant)analysis 102, 199, 209, 210,220, 223, 401centering by medians or modes 389Central Limit Theorem 236centroid method 154, 157see also point estimation forfactor loadingschaos theory 303chemistry 9, 90, 384, 389blood chemistry 40, 41, 116,133–134, 292, 346chemical engineering 380chemometrics 184, 231, 398gas chromatography 134–137properties of chemicalcompounds 74–76, 346properties of sand/mud/rocksamples 224, 248, 390quantitative structure–activityrelationships (QSAR) 74spectrophotometry 190spectroscopy 184, 185, 253, 316,413Chernoff’s faces 107childrenheights and weights 233–236,316, 330intelligence tests 161–165, 271chi-squared distance 105Cholesky factorization 182, 186classification, see cluster analysisclimate change/variation 73, 129,183, 305fingerprint techniques 328, 332,333, 388potentially predictable variation354climatology, see atmosphericscience, meteorology andclimatologycluster analysiscomplete linkage 217, 218for observations 71, 84, 108–110,199, 200, 210–222, 299, 381,387, 408for variables 138, 200, 213, 214fuzzy clustering 212see also dissection, minimumspanning treeclusters 80, 147, 241, 294, 298coefficient of determination,see multiple correlationcoefficientcoefficient of variation 102, 384,389combined PCA 228common PCs 206, 209, 224, 338,354–362, 368estimation and hypothesistesting 355, 357, 360for dependent groups 357partial common PC models 355comparisonsbetween clusters 217between covariance structures 92between data configurations 125,140, 141, 261between PCs 22, 24, 201, 257,259–263, 339, 349, 354–362between subspaces 140, 141, 252complex PCA 302, 309–314, 328,329, 346, 369, 370complex eigenvalues/eigenvectors309, 310, 369, 370compositional data 25, 39, 338,340, 346–350, 374, 388independence 347, 348non-linear structure 346, 348