full issue - Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy
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Current Trends in <strong>Biotechnology</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Pharmacy</strong>Vol. 5 (1) 1029-1037 January 2011. ISSN 0973-8916 (Print), 2230-7303 (Online)1036better solvent <strong>and</strong> it is suggested as a good solventfor extraction <strong>of</strong> neem oil. Among the trees grownin three soil types, black soil grown trees areproved to be higher oil yielding trees, <strong>and</strong> the treenumbered as BT20 recorded higher oil yieldcoupled with high Azadirachtin content indicatingthe need for its conservation studies.ConclusionBased on physicochemical analysis, it canbe concluded that the increasing temperature hasdecreased iodine value but increased the acid <strong>and</strong>peroxide values suggesting that even though theoil yield was more at high temperatures, extractingoil at these temperatures was not advisablebecause it affects the oil quality. Among thedifferent trees grown in three soil types black soiltrees are proved to be higher oil yielding trees,<strong>and</strong> the tree numbered as BT 20 recorded higheroil yield coupled with high azadirachtin contentindicating the need for conservation <strong>of</strong> this treetype. Of the two solvents used for extraction <strong>of</strong>neem oil, petroleum ether was found to be a bettersolvent.AcknowledgementsFinancial assistance from Department <strong>of</strong><strong>Biotechnology</strong>, Ministry <strong>of</strong> Science <strong>and</strong>Technology, New Delhi is grate<strong>full</strong>yacknowledged.References1. Puri, H. S. (1999). Neem –The divine tree.Hardwood Academic Publishers.Singapore.pp 9-232. Govindachari, T. R. (1992). Chemical <strong>and</strong>Biological investigations on Azadirachtaindica (The Neem Tree). Current Science63: 117-122.3. Butterworth, J. H. <strong>and</strong> Morgan, E. D.(1960). Isolation <strong>and</strong> structural studies on alocust feeding inhibitor from neem seeds.Ph.D thesis, University <strong>of</strong> Keele, UK.4. Schroeder, R. <strong>and</strong> Nakanishi, K. (1987). Asimplified isolation procedure for azdirachtin.Journal <strong>of</strong> Natural Products. 50: 241-244.5. Henderson, R., McCrindle, R., Overton, K.H. <strong>and</strong> Matera, A. (1964). Salannin.Tetrahedron lett. 52:3969-39746. Lavie, D. <strong>and</strong> Jain, M.K. (1967).Tetranotriterpenoids from Melia azadirachL. Chem. Commum.,pp 278-280.7. Zanno, P.R., Miara,E.,Nakanaishi, K. <strong>and</strong>Elder, D.L. (1975). Structure <strong>of</strong> the insectphagorepellent azadirachtin ,application <strong>of</strong>PRFT/CWD carbon 13 nuclear magneticresonance. Journal <strong>of</strong> American ChemicalSociety. 97:1975-1977.8. Biswas, S.A.S., Singh, P. <strong>and</strong> Ch<strong>and</strong>ra, S.(1995). Neem (Azadirachta indicaA.juss)-A versatile multipurpose tree. Indianfor.,121:1057-10609. Johnson, S. Margon, E. D. <strong>and</strong> Peiris. C.N. (1996). Development <strong>of</strong> the MajorTriterpenoids <strong>and</strong>oil in the Fruit <strong>and</strong> Seeds <strong>of</strong> Neem(Azadirachta indica). Journal <strong>of</strong> AnnalsBotany. 78: 383-388.10. Kaushik, N. <strong>and</strong> Vir. S. (2000). Variationsin fatty acid composition <strong>of</strong> neem seedscollected from the Rajasthan state <strong>of</strong> India;Biochemical Society Transactions. 28:6.11. Schmutterer, H. (1990). Properties <strong>and</strong>potential <strong>of</strong> natural pesticides from the neemtree, Azadirachta indica. Ann. Rev.Entomol.35, 271-29712. Ubel, E.C., Warthen, J.D.J. <strong>and</strong> Jacobson,M. (1979). Preparative reversed phaseliquid chromatographic isolation <strong>of</strong>azadirachtin from neem kernels. Journal <strong>of</strong>Liquid Chromatogra.2:875-882.Satyan<strong>and</strong>am et al