Glendale (PDF) - Hazard Mitigation Web Portal - State of California

Natural Hazards Mitigation PlanCity of Glendale, CaliforniaAppendix E – GlossaryLiquefactionLoadsLowest floorMagnitudeMajor earthquakeMaximumMagnitudeEarthquake (Mmax)Maximum ProbableEarthquake (MPE)Moderate earthquakeMitigation planNational FloodInsurance Program(NFIP)National GeodeticVertical Datum of1929 (NGVD)Changing of soils (unconsolidated alluvium) from a solid state toweaker state unable to support structures; where the material behavessimilar to a liquid as a consequence of earthquake shaking. Thetransformation of cohesionless soils from a solid or liquid state as aresult of increased pore pressure and reduced effective stress.Forces or other actions that result from the weight of all buildingmaterials, occupants and their possessions, environmental effects,differential movement, and restrained dimensional changes.Permanent loads are those in which variations over time are rare or ofsmall magnitude. All other loads are variable loads.Under the NFIP, the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area(including basement) of a structure.A measure of the strength of a hazard event. The magnitude (alsoreferred to as severity) of a given hazard event is usually determinedusing technical measures specific to the hazard.Capable of widespread, heavy damage up to 50+ miles from epicenter;generally near Magnitude range 6.5 to 7.0 or greater, but can be less,depending on rupture mechanism, depth of earthquake, locationrelative to urban centers, etcThe highest magnitude earthquake a fault is capable of producingbased on physical limitations, such as the length of the fault or faultsegment.The design size of the earthquake expected to occur within a timeframe of interest, for example within 30 years or 100 years, dependingon the purpose, lifetime or importance of the facility.Magnitude/frequency relationships are based on historic seismicity,fault slip rates, or mathematical models. The more critical the facility,the longer the time period considered.Capable of causing considerable to severe damage, generally in therange of Magnitude 5.0 to 6.0 (Modified Mercalli Intensity