Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

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NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom284have, when God promiseth heaven to us, and we will not even give Him bread? when He indeedfor thee maketh the sun to rise, and supplieth all the ministry of the Creation, but thou dost not evengive Him a garment, nor allow Him to share thy roof? But why speak I of sun and moon? He hathset His Body before thee, He hath given thee His Precious Blood; and dost thou not even impartto Him of thy cup? But hast thou done so for once? This is not mercy; as long as, having the means,thou helpest not, thou hast not yet fulfilled the whole duty. Thus the virgins who had the lamps,had oil, but not in abundance. Why, thou oughtest, even didst thou give from thine own, not to beso miserly, but now when thou givest what is thy Lord’s, why countest thou every little? Will yethat I tell you the cause of this inhumanity? When men get together their wealth through greediness,these same are slow to give alms; for one who has learnt so to gain, knows not how to spend. Forhow can a man prepared for rapine adapt himself to its contrary? He who takes from others, howshall he be able to give up his own to another? A dog accustomed to feed on flesh cannot guard theflock; therefore the shepherds kill such. That this be not our fate, let us refrain from such feasting.For these men too feed on flesh, when they bring on death by hunger. Seest thou not how God hathallowed to us all things in common? If amid riches He hath suffered men to be poor, it is for theconsolation of the rich, that they may be able by showing mercy towards them to put off their sins.But thou even in this hast been cruel and inhuman; whence it is evident, that if thou hadst receivedthis same power in greater things, thou wouldest have committed ten thousand murders, and wouldesthave debarred men from light, and from life altogether. 2221 That this might not take place, necessityhath cut short insatiableness in such matters.If ye are pained when ye hear these things, much more I when I see them taking place. Howlong shalt thou be rich, and that man poor? Till evening, but no farther; for so short is life, and allthings so near their end, 2222 and all things henceforth so stand at the door, that the whole must bedeemed but a little hour. What need hast thou of bursting 2223 storehouses, of a multitude of domesticsand house-keepers? Why hast thou not ten thousand proclaimers of thy almsdoing? The storehouseutters no voice, yet will it bring upon thee many robbers; but the storehouses of the poor will goup to God Himself, and will make thy present life sweet, and put away all thy sins, and thou shaltgain glory from God, and honor from men. Why then grudgest thou thyself such good things? Forthou wilt not do so much good to the poor, as to thyself, when thou benefitest them. Thou wilt righttheir present state; but for thyself thou wilt lay up beforehand the glory and confidence which shallbe hereafter. And this may we all obtain, by the grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ,to whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be the glory and the might for ever. Amen.Homily LXXVIII.2221lit. “ all life. ”2222Ben. omits “ all things so near their end. ”2223ἐ ρευγομένων428

NPNF (V1-14)St. ChrysostomJohn xvi. 4–6“These things I said not unto you at the beginning, because I was with you. But now I go My wayto Him that sent Me; and none of you asketh Me, Whither goest Thou? But because I have saidthese things unto you, sorrow hath filled your heart.”285[1.] Great is the tyranny of despondency, and much courage do we need so as to stand manfullyagainst the feeling, and after gathering from it what is useful, to let the superfluous go. It hathsomewhat useful; for when we ourselves or others sin, then only is it good to grieve; but when wefall into human vicissitudes, then despondency is useless. And now when it has overthrown thedisciples who were not yet perfect, see how Christ raiseth them again by His rebuke. They whobefore this had asked Him ten thousand questions, (for Peter said, “Whither goest Thou?” [ c. xiii.36 ]; and Thomas, “We know not whither Thou goest, and how can we know the way?” [ c. xiv.5 and 8 ]; and Philip, “Show us Thy Father”;) these men, I say, now hearing, “they will put youout of the synagogues,” and “will hate you,” and “whosoever killeth you will think that he doethGod service,” were so cast down as to be struck dumb, so that they spake nothing to Him. Thisthen He maketh a reproach to them, and saith, “These things I said not unto you at the beginning,because I was with you; but now I go unto Him that sent Me, and none of you asketh Me, Whithergoest Thou? but because I have said these things unto you, sorrow hath filled your heart.” For adreadful thing is immoderate sorrow, dreadful and effective of death. Wherefore Paul said, “Lestperhaps such a one should be swallowed up by overmuch sorrow.” ( 2 Cor. ii. 7 .)“And these things,” saith He, “I told you not at the beginning.” Why did He not tell them at thebeginning? That none might say that He spake guessing from the ordinary course of events. Andwhy did He enter on a matter of such unpleasantness? “I knew these things,” He saith, “from thebeginning, and spake not of them; not because I did not know them, but ‘because I was with you.’”And this again was spoken after a human manner, as though He had said, “Because ye were insafety, and it was in your power to question Me when ye would, and all the storm blew upon Me,and it was superfluous to tell you these things at the beginning.” “But did He not tell them this?Did He not call the twelve, and say unto them, ‘Ye shall be brought before governors and kingsfor My sake,’ and, ‘they shall scourge you in the synagogues’? ( Matt. x. 18, 17 ). How then saithHe, ‘I told you not at the beginning’?” Because He had proclaimed before the scourgings andbringing before princes, still not that their death should appear so desirable that the action shouldeven be deemed a service to God. For this more than anything was suited to terrify them, that theywere to be judged as impious and corrupters. This too may be said, that in that place He spake ofwhat they should suffer from the Gentiles, but here He hath added in a stronger way the acts of theJews also, and told them that it was at their doors.“But now I go to Him that sent Me, and no man of you saith, Whither goest Thou? But becauseI have said these things unto you, sorrow hath filled your heart.” It was no slight comfort to themto learn that He knew the excess of their despondency. For they were beside themselves from theanguish caused by their being left by Him, and from their awaiting the terrible things which wereto come, since they knew not whether they should be able to bear them manfully. “Why then afterthis did He not tell them that they had been vouchsafed the Spirit?” That thou mightest learn thatthey were exceedingly virtuous. For if, when they had not yet been vouchsafed the Spirit, they429

NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>m284have, when God promiseth heaven <strong>to</strong> us, <strong>and</strong> we will not even give Him bread? when He indeedfor <strong>the</strong>e maketh <strong>the</strong> sun <strong>to</strong> rise, <strong>and</strong> supplieth all <strong>the</strong> ministry <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Creati<strong>on</strong>, but thou dost not evengive Him a garment, nor allow Him <strong>to</strong> share thy ro<strong>of</strong>? But why speak I <strong>of</strong> sun <strong>and</strong> mo<strong>on</strong>? He hathset His Body before <strong>the</strong>e, He hath given <strong>the</strong>e His Precious Blood; <strong>and</strong> dost thou not even impart<strong>to</strong> Him <strong>of</strong> thy cup? But hast thou d<strong>on</strong>e so for <strong>on</strong>ce? This is not mercy; as l<strong>on</strong>g as, having <strong>the</strong> means,thou helpest not, thou hast not yet fulfilled <strong>the</strong> whole duty. Thus <strong>the</strong> virgins who had <strong>the</strong> lamps,had oil, but not in abundance. Why, thou oughtest, even didst thou give from thine own, not <strong>to</strong> beso miserly, but now when thou givest what is thy Lord’s, why countest thou every little? Will yethat I tell you <strong>the</strong> cause <strong>of</strong> this inhumanity? When men get <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong>ir wealth through greediness,<strong>the</strong>se same are slow <strong>to</strong> give alms; for <strong>on</strong>e who has learnt so <strong>to</strong> gain, knows not how <strong>to</strong> spend. Forhow can a man prepared for rapine adapt himself <strong>to</strong> its c<strong>on</strong>trary? He who takes from o<strong>the</strong>rs, howshall he be able <strong>to</strong> give up his own <strong>to</strong> ano<strong>the</strong>r? A dog accus<strong>to</strong>med <strong>to</strong> feed <strong>on</strong> flesh cannot guard <strong>the</strong>flock; <strong>the</strong>refore <strong>the</strong> shepherds kill such. That this be not our fate, let us refrain from such feasting.For <strong>the</strong>se men <strong>to</strong>o feed <strong>on</strong> flesh, when <strong>the</strong>y bring <strong>on</strong> death by hunger. Seest thou not how God hathallowed <strong>to</strong> us all things in comm<strong>on</strong>? If amid riches He hath suffered men <strong>to</strong> be poor, it is for <strong>the</strong>c<strong>on</strong>solati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rich, that <strong>the</strong>y may be able by showing mercy <strong>to</strong>wards <strong>the</strong>m <strong>to</strong> put <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong>ir sins.But thou even in this hast been cruel <strong>and</strong> inhuman; whence it is evident, that if thou hadst receivedthis same power in greater things, thou wouldest have committed ten thous<strong>and</strong> murders, <strong>and</strong> wouldesthave debarred men from light, <strong>and</strong> from life al<strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r. 2221 That this might not take place, necessityhath cut short insatiableness in such matters.If ye are pained when ye hear <strong>the</strong>se things, much more I when I see <strong>the</strong>m taking place. Howl<strong>on</strong>g shalt thou be rich, <strong>and</strong> that man poor? Till evening, but no far<strong>the</strong>r; for so short is life, <strong>and</strong> allthings so near <strong>the</strong>ir end, 2222 <strong>and</strong> all things henceforth so st<strong>and</strong> at <strong>the</strong> door, that <strong>the</strong> whole must bedeemed but a little hour. What need hast thou <strong>of</strong> bursting 2223 s<strong>to</strong>rehouses, <strong>of</strong> a multitude <strong>of</strong> domestics<strong>and</strong> house-keepers? Why hast thou not ten thous<strong>and</strong> proclaimers <strong>of</strong> thy almsdoing? The s<strong>to</strong>rehouseutters no voice, yet will it bring up<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong>e many robbers; but <strong>the</strong> s<strong>to</strong>rehouses <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor will goup <strong>to</strong> God Himself, <strong>and</strong> will make thy present life sweet, <strong>and</strong> put away all thy sins, <strong>and</strong> thou shaltgain glory from God, <strong>and</strong> h<strong>on</strong>or from men. Why <strong>the</strong>n grudgest thou thyself such good things? Forthou wilt not do so much good <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor, as <strong>to</strong> thyself, when thou benefitest <strong>the</strong>m. Thou wilt right<strong>the</strong>ir present state; but for thyself thou wilt lay up beforeh<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> glory <strong>and</strong> c<strong>on</strong>fidence which shallbe hereafter. And this may we all obtain, by <strong>the</strong> grace <strong>and</strong> lovingkindness <strong>of</strong> our Lord Jesus Christ,<strong>to</strong> whom with <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Holy Ghost be <strong>the</strong> glory <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> might for ever. Amen.Homily LXXVIII.2221lit. “ all life. ”2222Ben. omits “ all things so near <strong>the</strong>ir end. ”2223ἐ ρευγομένων428

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