Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

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NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom237Him with except that He was not of God, and since in this way they deceived many, He on thisaccount most abundantly proveth this very point by what He saith, and in the way that their infirmityrequired. For it was in His power by other means to show at once His agreement with the Fatherand His own dignity, but the multitude could not ascend so far. And He saith,“Lazarus, come forth.”[3.] This is that of which He spake, “The hour is coming, when the dead shall hear the voiceof the Son of God, and they that hear shall live.” ( c. v. 28 .) For, that thou mightest not think thatHe received the power of working from another, He taught thee this before, and gave proof bydeeds, and said not, Arise, but, “Come forth,” conversing with the dead man as though living. Whatcan be equal to this authority? And if He doth it not by His own strength, what shall He have morethan the Apostles, who say, “Why look ye so earnestly on us as though by our own power or holinesswe had made this man to walk?” ( Acts iii. 12 .) For if, not working by His own power, He didnot add what the Apostles said concerning themselves, they will in a manner be more truly wisethan He, because they refused the glory. And 1808 in another place, “Why do ye these things? Wealso are men of like passions as you.” ( Acts xiv. 15 .) The Apostles since they did nothing ofthemselves, spoke in this way to persuade men of this; but He when the like opinion was formedconcerning Him, would He not have removed the suspicion, if at least He did not act by His ownauthority? Who would assert this? But in truth Christ doeth the contrary, when He saith, 1809 “Becauseof the people which stand by I said it, that they might believe”; so that had they believed, therewould have been no need of prayer. Now if prayer were not beneath His dignity, why should Heaccount them the cause of His praying? Why said He not, “I do it in order that they may believethat I am not equal to Thee”; for He ought on account of the suspicion to have come to this point.When He was suspected of breaking the Law, He used the very expression, even when they hadnot said anything, “Think not that I am come to destroy the Law” ( Matt. v. 17 ); but in this placeHe establisheth their suspicion. In fact, what need was there at all of going such a round, and ofusing such dark sayings? It had been enough to say, “I am not equal,” and to be rid of the matter.“But what,” saith some one, “did He not say that, I do not My own will?” Even this He did in acovert way, and one suited to their infirmity, and from the same cause through which the prayerwas made. But what meaneth “That Thou hast heard Me”? It meaneth, 1810 “That there is nothingon My part opposed to Thee.” As then the, “That Thou hast heard Me,” is not the saying of onedeclaring, that of Himself He had not the power, (for were this the case, it would be not onlyimpotence but ignorance, if before praying He did not know that God would grant the prayer; andif He knew not, how was it that He said, “I go that I may awake him,” instead of, “I go to pray MyFather to awake him?”) As then this expression is a sign, not of weakness, but of identity of will,so also is the, “Thou hearest Me always.” We must then either say this, or else that it was addressedto their suspicions. If now He was neither ignorant nor weak, it is clear that He uttereth these lowlywords, that thou mayest be persuaded by their very excess, and mayest be compelled to confess,that they suit not His dignity, but are from condescension. What then say the enemies of truth? “Hespake not those words, Thou hast heard me,” saith some one, “to the infirmity of the hearers, but1808al. again, “ why look ye, ” &c., “ we also, ” &c.1809al. but He even saith the contrary “ because, ” &c.1810al. so then the “ hearing Me always ” meaneth, &c.358

NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostomin order to show a superiority.” Yet this was not to show a superiority, 1811 but to humble Himselfgreatly, and to show Himself as having nothing more than man. For to pray is not proper to God,nor to the sharer of the Throne. Seest thou then that He came to this 1812 from no other cause thantheir unbelief? Observe at least that the action beareth witness to His authority.“He called, and the dead man came forth wrapped.” 1813 Then that the matter might not seem tobe an appearance, (for his coming forth bound did not seem to be less marvelous than hisresurrection,) Jesus commanded to loose him, in order that having touched and having been nearhim, they might see that it was really he. And He saith,“Let him go.”Seest thou His freedom from boastfulness? He doth not lead him on, nor bid him go about 1814with Him, lest He should seem to any to be showing him; so well knew He how to observemoderation.When the sign had been wrought, some wondered, others went and told it to the Pharisees. 1815What then did they? When they ought to have been astonished and to have admired Him, they tookcounsel to kill Him who had raised the dead. What folly! They thought to give up to death Himwho had overcome death in the bodies of others.Ver. 47 . “And they said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles.”They still call Him “man,” these who had received such proof of His divinity. “What do we?”They ought to have believed, and served, and bowed down to Him, and no longer to have deemedHim a man.Ver. 48 . “If we let him thus alone, the Romans will come, 1816 and will take away both ournation and city.” 1817What is it which they counsel to do? 1818 They wish to stir up the people, as though theythemselves would be in danger on suspicion of establishing a kingdom. “For if,” saith one of them,“the Romans learn 1819 that this Man is leading the multitudes, they will suspect us, 1820 and willcome and destroy our city.” Wherefore, tell me? Did He teach revolt? Did He not permit you togive tribute to Cæsar? Did not ye wish to make Him a king, and He fly from you? Did He not follow1821a mean and unpretending 1822 life, having neither house nor anything else of the kind? Theytherefore said this, not from any such expectation, but from malice. Yet it so fell out contrary totheir expectation, and the Romans took their nation and city when they had slain Christ. For the1811i.e. a mere superiority of the Father.1812i.e. to use prayer.1813Ver. 44 . “ And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and foot with grave clothes: and his face was bound aboutwith a napkin. ” N.T. “ Jesus saith unto them, Loose him. ” N.T.1814al. “ walk. ”1815Ver. 45–47 . “ Then many of the Jews which came to Mary, and had seen the things which Jesus did, believed on Him.But some of them went their ways to the Pharisees, and told them what things Jesus had done. Then gathered the Chief Priestsand Pharisees a council. ” N.T.1816al. “ are coming. ”1817N.T. “ All men will believe on Him, and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation. ”1818al. “ which they mean to say? ”1819al. “ see. ”1820al. “ us about a kingdom. ”1821al. “ exhibit. ”1822al. “ plain. ”359

NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>min order <strong>to</strong> show a superiority.” Yet this was not <strong>to</strong> show a superiority, 1811 but <strong>to</strong> humble Himselfgreatly, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> show Himself as having nothing more than man. For <strong>to</strong> pray is not proper <strong>to</strong> God,nor <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> sharer <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Thr<strong>on</strong>e. Seest thou <strong>the</strong>n that He came <strong>to</strong> this 1812 from no o<strong>the</strong>r cause than<strong>the</strong>ir unbelief? Observe at least that <strong>the</strong> acti<strong>on</strong> beareth witness <strong>to</strong> His authority.“He called, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> dead man came forth wrapped.” 1813 Then that <strong>the</strong> matter might not seem <strong>to</strong>be an appearance, (for his coming forth bound did not seem <strong>to</strong> be less marvelous than hisresurrecti<strong>on</strong>,) Jesus comm<strong>and</strong>ed <strong>to</strong> loose him, in order that having <strong>to</strong>uched <strong>and</strong> having been nearhim, <strong>the</strong>y might see that it was really he. And He saith,“Let him go.”Seest thou His freedom from boastfulness? He doth not lead him <strong>on</strong>, nor bid him go about 1814with Him, lest He should seem <strong>to</strong> any <strong>to</strong> be showing him; so well knew He how <strong>to</strong> observemoderati<strong>on</strong>.When <strong>the</strong> sign had been wrought, some w<strong>on</strong>dered, o<strong>the</strong>rs went <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong>ld it <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Pharisees. 1815What <strong>the</strong>n did <strong>the</strong>y? When <strong>the</strong>y ought <strong>to</strong> have been ast<strong>on</strong>ished <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> have admired Him, <strong>the</strong>y <strong>to</strong>okcounsel <strong>to</strong> kill Him who had raised <strong>the</strong> dead. What folly! They thought <strong>to</strong> give up <strong>to</strong> death Himwho had overcome death in <strong>the</strong> bodies <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs.Ver. 47 . “And <strong>the</strong>y said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles.”They still call Him “man,” <strong>the</strong>se who had received such pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> His divinity. “What do we?”They ought <strong>to</strong> have believed, <strong>and</strong> served, <strong>and</strong> bowed down <strong>to</strong> Him, <strong>and</strong> no l<strong>on</strong>ger <strong>to</strong> have deemedHim a man.Ver. 48 . “If we let him thus al<strong>on</strong>e, <strong>the</strong> Romans will come, 1816 <strong>and</strong> will take away both ournati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> city.” 1817What is it which <strong>the</strong>y counsel <strong>to</strong> do? 1818 They wish <strong>to</strong> stir up <strong>the</strong> people, as though <strong>the</strong>y<strong>the</strong>mselves would be in danger <strong>on</strong> suspici<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> establishing a kingdom. “For if,” saith <strong>on</strong>e <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m,“<strong>the</strong> Romans learn 1819 that this Man is leading <strong>the</strong> multitudes, <strong>the</strong>y will suspect us, 1820 <strong>and</strong> willcome <strong>and</strong> destroy our city.” Wherefore, tell me? Did He teach revolt? Did He not permit you <strong>to</strong>give tribute <strong>to</strong> Cæsar? Did not ye wish <strong>to</strong> make Him a king, <strong>and</strong> He fly from you? Did He not follow1821a mean <strong>and</strong> unpretending 1822 life, having nei<strong>the</strong>r house nor anything else <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> kind? They<strong>the</strong>refore said this, not from any such expectati<strong>on</strong>, but from malice. Yet it so fell out c<strong>on</strong>trary <strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong>ir expectati<strong>on</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Romans <strong>to</strong>ok <strong>the</strong>ir nati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> city when <strong>the</strong>y had slain Christ. For <strong>the</strong>1811i.e. a mere superiority <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r.1812i.e. <strong>to</strong> use prayer.1813Ver. 44 . “ And he that was dead came forth, bound h<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> foot with grave clo<strong>the</strong>s: <strong>and</strong> his face was bound aboutwith a napkin. ” N.T. “ Jesus saith un<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>m, Loose him. ” N.T.1814al. “ walk. ”1815Ver. 45–47 . “ Then many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Jews which came <strong>to</strong> Mary, <strong>and</strong> had seen <strong>the</strong> things which Jesus did, believed <strong>on</strong> Him.But some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m went <strong>the</strong>ir ways <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Pharisees, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong>ld <strong>the</strong>m what things Jesus had d<strong>on</strong>e. Then ga<strong>the</strong>red <strong>the</strong> Chief Priests<strong>and</strong> Pharisees a council. ” N.T.1816al. “ are coming. ”1817N.T. “ All men will believe <strong>on</strong> Him, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Romans shall come <strong>and</strong> take away both our place <strong>and</strong> nati<strong>on</strong>. ”1818al. “ which <strong>the</strong>y mean <strong>to</strong> say? ”1819al. “ see. ”1820al. “ us about a kingdom. ”1821al. “ exhibit. ”1822al. “ plain. ”359

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