Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews
Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews
NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostomcandle, so much and far more is that light better than this. And signifying this, Christ saith, that“the sun shall be darkened.” Because of the excess of that brightness, not even the sun shall beseen.If now in order to have here well-lighted and airy houses, we expend immense sums, buildingand toiling, consider how we ought to spend our very bodies themselves, that glorious houses maybe built for us in the heavens where is that Light ineffable. Here there are strifes and contentionsabout boundaries and walls, but there will be nothing of the kind there, no envy, no malice, no onewill dispute with us about settling boundaries. This dwelling too we assuredly needs must leave,but that abideth with us forever; this must decay by time, and be exposed to innumerable injuries,but that must remain without growing old perpetually; this a poor man cannot build, but that otherone may build with two mites, as did the widow. Wherefore I choke with grief, that when so manyblessings are laid before us, we are slothful, and despise them; we use every exertion to havesplendid houses here, but how to gain in heaven so much as a little resting-place, we care not, wethink not. For tell me, where wouldest thou have thy dwelling here? In the wilderness, or in one ofthe smaller cities? I think not; but in some of the most royal and grand cities, where the traffic ismore, where the splendor is greater. But I will lead thee into such a City, whose Builder and Makeris God; there I exhort thee to found and build, at less cost [with less labor 1517 ]. That house thehands of the poor build, and it is most truly “building,” just as the structures made here are the workof extreme folly. For if a man were to bring you into the land of Persia, to behold what is there andto return, and were then to bid you build houses there, would you not condemn him for excessivefolly, as bidding you spend unseasonably? How then dost thou this very same thing upon the earthwhich thou shalt shortly leave? “But I shall leave it to my children,” saith some one. Yet they tooshall leave it soon after thee; nay, often even before thee; and their successors the same. And evenhere it is a subject of melancholy to thee that thou seest not thine heirs retain their possessions, butthere thou needest apprehend nothing of the sort; the possession remaineth immovable, to thee, tothy children, and to their descendants, if they imitate the same goodness. That building Christ takethin hand, he who buildeth that needs not to appoint care-takers, nor be thoughtful, nor anxious; forwhen God hath undertaken the work, what need of thought? He bringeth all things together, andraiseth the house. Nor is this the only thing wonderful, but also that He so buildeth it as is pleasingto thee, or rather even beyond what is pleasing, beyond what thou desirest; for He is the mostexcellent Artist, and careth greatly for thy advantage. If thou art poor, and desirest to build thishouse, it brings thee no envy, produces against thee no malice, for none of those who know howto envy behold it, but the Angels who know how to rejoice at thy blessings; none will be able toencroach upon it, for none dwell near it of those who are diseased with such passions. For neighborsthou hast there the saints, Peter and Paul with their company, all the Prophets, the Martyrs, themultitude 1518 of Angels, of Archangels. For the sake then of all these things, 1519 let us empty oursubstance upon the poor, that we may obtain those tabernacles; 1520 which may we all obtain throughthe grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom and with whom to the Father andthe Holy Ghost be glory, now and ever and world without end. Amen.1517om. in some mss.1518δῆμον1519or, “ for all these reasons. ”1520al. “ those [things]. ”306
NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom202Homily LVII.John ix. 6, 7“When Jesus had thus spoken, He spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and He anointedthe eyes of the blind man with the clay, and said, Go, wash in the pool of Siloam.”[1.] Those who intend to gain any advantage from what they read, must not pass by even anysmall portion of the words; and on this account we are bidden to “search” the Scriptures, becausemost of the words, although at first sight 1521 easy, appear to have in their depth much hiddenmeaning. For observe of what sort is the present case. “Having said these words,” It saith,“ He spaton the ground.” What words? “That the glory of God should be made manifest,” and that, “I mustwork the works of Him that sent Me.” For not without a cause hath the Evangelist mentioned to usHis words, and added that, “He spat,” but to show that He confirmed His words by deeds. And whyused He not water instead of spittle for the clay? He was about to send the man to Siloam: in ordertherefore that nothing might be ascribed to the fountain, but that thou mightest learn that the powerproceeding from His mouth, the same both formed and opened the man’s eyes, He “spat on theground”; this at least the Evangelist signified, when he said, “And made clay of the spittle.” Then,that the successful issue might not seem to be of the earth, He bade him wash. But wherefore didHe not this at once, instead of sending him to Siloam? That thou mayest learn the faith of the blindman, and that the obstinacy of the Jews might be silenced: for it was probable that they would allsee him as he departed, having the clay spread upon his eyes, since by the strangeness of the thinghe would attract to himself all, both those who did and those who did not know him, and they wouldobserve him exactly. And because it is not easy to recognize a blind man who hath recovered sight,He first maketh by the length of way many to be witnesses, and by the strangeness of the spectacleexact observers, that being more attentive they may no longer be able to say, “It is he: it is not he.”Moreover, by sending him to Siloam, He desireth to prove that He is not estranged from the Lawand the Old (Covenant), nor could it afterwards be feared that Siloam would receive the glory,since many who had often washed their eyes there gained no such benefit; for there also it was thepower of Christ that wrought all. On which account the Evangelist addeth for us the interpretationof the name; for having said, “in Siloam,” he addeth,“Which is, 1522 Sent.”That thou mayest learn that there also it was Christ who healed him. As Paul saith, “They drankof that spiritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock was Christ.” ( 1 Cor. x. 4 .) As then Christwas the spiritual Rock, so also was He the spiritual Siloam. To me also the sudden 1523 coming inof the water seems to hint an ineffable mystery. What is that? The unlooked for (nature) of Hisappearance, beyond all expectation.1521αὐτόθεν1522“ is being interpreted, ” N.T.1523τὸ ἀθρόον τῆς παρουσίας307
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NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>mc<strong>and</strong>le, so much <strong>and</strong> far more is that light better than this. And signifying this, Christ saith, that“<strong>the</strong> sun shall be darkened.” Because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> excess <strong>of</strong> that brightness, not even <strong>the</strong> sun shall beseen.If now in order <strong>to</strong> have here well-lighted <strong>and</strong> airy houses, we expend immense sums, building<strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong>iling, c<strong>on</strong>sider how we ought <strong>to</strong> spend our very bodies <strong>the</strong>mselves, that glorious houses maybe built for us in <strong>the</strong> heavens where is that Light ineffable. Here <strong>the</strong>re are strifes <strong>and</strong> c<strong>on</strong>tenti<strong>on</strong>sabout boundaries <strong>and</strong> walls, but <strong>the</strong>re will be nothing <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> kind <strong>the</strong>re, no envy, no malice, no <strong>on</strong>ewill dispute with us about settling boundaries. This dwelling <strong>to</strong>o we assuredly needs must leave,but that abideth with us forever; this must decay by time, <strong>and</strong> be exposed <strong>to</strong> innumerable injuries,but that must remain without growing old perpetually; this a poor man cannot build, but that o<strong>the</strong>r<strong>on</strong>e may build with two mites, as did <strong>the</strong> widow. Wherefore I choke with grief, that when so manyblessings are laid before us, we are slothful, <strong>and</strong> despise <strong>the</strong>m; we use every exerti<strong>on</strong> <strong>to</strong> havesplendid houses here, but how <strong>to</strong> gain in heaven so much as a little resting-place, we care not, wethink not. For tell me, where wouldest thou have thy dwelling here? In <strong>the</strong> wilderness, or in <strong>on</strong>e <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> smaller cities? I think not; but in some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most royal <strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong> cities, where <strong>the</strong> traffic ismore, where <strong>the</strong> splendor is greater. But I will lead <strong>the</strong>e in<strong>to</strong> such a City, whose Builder <strong>and</strong> Makeris God; <strong>the</strong>re I exhort <strong>the</strong>e <strong>to</strong> found <strong>and</strong> build, at less cost [with less labor 1517 ]. That house <strong>the</strong>h<strong>and</strong>s <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor build, <strong>and</strong> it is most truly “building,” just as <strong>the</strong> structures made here are <strong>the</strong> work<strong>of</strong> extreme folly. For if a man were <strong>to</strong> bring you in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> Persia, <strong>to</strong> behold what is <strong>the</strong>re <strong>and</strong><strong>to</strong> return, <strong>and</strong> were <strong>the</strong>n <strong>to</strong> bid you build houses <strong>the</strong>re, would you not c<strong>on</strong>demn him for excessivefolly, as bidding you spend unseas<strong>on</strong>ably? How <strong>the</strong>n dost thou this very same thing up<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> earthwhich thou shalt shortly leave? “But I shall leave it <strong>to</strong> my children,” saith some <strong>on</strong>e. Yet <strong>the</strong>y <strong>to</strong>oshall leave it so<strong>on</strong> after <strong>the</strong>e; nay, <strong>of</strong>ten even before <strong>the</strong>e; <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir successors <strong>the</strong> same. And evenhere it is a subject <strong>of</strong> melancholy <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>e that thou seest not thine heirs retain <strong>the</strong>ir possessi<strong>on</strong>s, but<strong>the</strong>re thou needest apprehend nothing <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sort; <strong>the</strong> possessi<strong>on</strong> remaineth immovable, <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>e, <strong>to</strong>thy children, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir descendants, if <strong>the</strong>y imitate <strong>the</strong> same goodness. That building Christ takethin h<strong>and</strong>, he who buildeth that needs not <strong>to</strong> appoint care-takers, nor be thoughtful, nor anxious; forwhen God hath undertaken <strong>the</strong> work, what need <strong>of</strong> thought? He bringeth all things <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r, <strong>and</strong>raiseth <strong>the</strong> house. Nor is this <strong>the</strong> <strong>on</strong>ly thing w<strong>on</strong>derful, but also that He so buildeth it as is pleasing<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>e, or ra<strong>the</strong>r even bey<strong>on</strong>d what is pleasing, bey<strong>on</strong>d what thou desirest; for He is <strong>the</strong> mostexcellent Artist, <strong>and</strong> careth greatly for thy advantage. If thou art poor, <strong>and</strong> desirest <strong>to</strong> build thishouse, it brings <strong>the</strong>e no envy, produces against <strong>the</strong>e no malice, for n<strong>on</strong>e <strong>of</strong> those who know how<strong>to</strong> envy behold it, but <strong>the</strong> Angels who know how <strong>to</strong> rejoice at thy blessings; n<strong>on</strong>e will be able <strong>to</strong>encroach up<strong>on</strong> it, for n<strong>on</strong>e dwell near it <strong>of</strong> those who are diseased with such passi<strong>on</strong>s. For neighborsthou hast <strong>the</strong>re <strong>the</strong> saints, Peter <strong>and</strong> Paul with <strong>the</strong>ir company, all <strong>the</strong> Prophets, <strong>the</strong> Martyrs, <strong>the</strong>multitude 1518 <strong>of</strong> Angels, <strong>of</strong> Archangels. For <strong>the</strong> sake <strong>the</strong>n <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong>se things, 1519 let us empty oursubstance up<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> poor, that we may obtain those tabernacles; 1520 which may we all obtain through<strong>the</strong> grace <strong>and</strong> lovingkindness <strong>of</strong> our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom <strong>and</strong> with whom <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r <strong>and</strong><strong>the</strong> Holy Ghost be glory, now <strong>and</strong> ever <strong>and</strong> world without end. Amen.1517om. in some mss.1518δῆμον1519or, “ for all <strong>the</strong>se reas<strong>on</strong>s. ”1520al. “ those [things]. ”306