Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

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NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostomhusbands, and husbands admonish their wives; let us teach youths and maidens, and all instructone another, to care not for present things, but to desire those which are to come, that we may beable also to obtain them; through the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whomand with whom, to the Father and the Holy Ghost be glory, now and ever and world without end.Amen.171Homily XLVIII.John vii. 1, 2“After these things Jesus walked in Galilee; for He would not walk in Jewry, because the Jewssought to kill Him. Now the Jews’ feast of tabernacles was at hand.”[1.] Nothing is worse than envy and malice; through these death entered into the world. Forwhen the devil saw man honored, he endured not his prosperity, but used every means to destroyhim. ( Wisd. ii. 24 .) And from the same root one may everywhere see this same fruit produced.Thus Abel was slain; thus David, with many other just men, was like to have been so; from thisalso the Jews became Christ-slayers. And declaring this the Evangelist said, “After these thingsJesus walked in Galilee; for He had not power 1346 to walk in Jewry, because the Jews sought to killHim.” What sayest thou, O blessed John? Had not He “power,” who was able to do all that Hewould? He that said, “Whom seek ye?” ( c. xviii. 6 ) and cast them backward? He who was present,yet not seen ( c. xxi. 4 ), had not He “power”? How then afterwards did He come among them inthe midst of the temple, in the midst of the feast, when there was an assembly, when they thatlonged for murder were present, and utter those sayings which enraged them yet the more? Yea,this at least men marveled at, saying, “Is not this He, whom they seek to kill? And, lo, He speakethboldly, and they say nothing unto Him.” ( Ver. 25, 26.) What mean these riddles? Away with theword! 1347 The Evangelist spake not so that he might be supposed to utter riddles, but to make itplain that He showeth proofs both of His Godhead and His Manhood. For when he saith, that “Hehad not power,” he speaketh of Him as a man, doing many things after the manner of men; butwhen he saith, that He stood in the midst of them, and they seized Him not, he showeth to us thepower of the Godhead, (as man He fled, as God He appeared,) and in both cases he speaks truly.To be in the midst of those who were plotting against Him, and yet not be seized by them, showedHis unrivaled and irresistible nature; to yield strengthened and authenticated the Dispensation, that1346οὔ γὰρ εἶχεν ἐξουσίαν1347al. “ they are not riddles, God forbid! but this may be said, that, ” &c.262

NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom172neither Paul of Samosata, 1348 nor Marcion, 1349 nor those affected with their maladies, might haveanything to say. By this then he stoppeth all 1350 their mouths.“After these things was the Jews’ feast of tabernacles.” The words, “after these things,” meanonly, that the writer has here been concise, and has passed over a long interval of time, as is clearfrom this circumstance. When Christ sat 1351 on the mountain, he saith, that it was the feast of thePassover; 1352 while here the writer mentions the “feast of tabernacles,” and during the five monthshath neither related or taught us anything else, except the miracle of the loaves, and the sermonmade to those who ate them. Yet He ceased not to work miracles, and to converse, both in the day,and in the evening, and oftentimes at night; at least, it was thus that He presided over His disciples,as all the Evangelists tell us. Why then have they omitted that interval? Because it was impossibleto recount everything fully, and moreover, because they were anxious to mention those points whichwere followed 1353 by any fault-finding or gainsaying of the Jews. There were many circumstanceslike those which here are omitted; for that He raised the dead, healed the sick, and was admired,they have frequently recorded; 1354 but when they have anything uncommon to tell, when they haveto describe any charge seemingly put forth against Him, these things they set down; such as thisnow, that “His brethren believed Him not.” For a circumstance like this brings with it no slightsuspicion, and it is worth our while to admire their truth-loving disposition, how they are notashamed to relate things which seem to bring disgrace upon their Teacher, but have been even moreanxious to report these than other matters. For instance, the writer having passed by many signsand wonders and sermons, has sprung at once to this.Ver. 3–5 . For, saith he, “His brethren said unto Him, Depart hence, and go into Judæa, thatThy disciples also may see the works that Thou doest; for there is no man that doeth anything insecret, and he himself seeketh to be known openly. Show thyself to the world. For neither did Hisbrethren believe in Him.”[2.] What unbelief, saith some one, is here? They exhort 1355 Him to work miracles. It is greatdeed; for of unbelief come their words, and their insolence, and their unseasonable freedom ofspeech. For they thought, that owing to their relationship, it was lawful 1356 for them to address Himboldly. And their request seems forsooth to be that of friends, but the words were those of greatmaliciousness. 1357 For in this place they reproach Him with cowardice and vainglory: since to say,“no man doeth anything in secret,” is the expression of persons charging Him with cowardice, andsuspecting the things done by Him as being not really done; and to add, that “he seeketh to beknown,” was to accuse Him of vainglory. But observe, I pray you, the power of Christ. Of thosewho said these things, one became first Bishop of Jerusalem, the blessed James, of whom Paulsaith, “Other of the Apostles saw I none, save James, the Lord’s brother” ( Gal. i. 19 ); and Judas1348p. 30.1349p. 30.1350al. “ both. ”1351al. “ when he showed Him sitting. ”1352“ The Passover was nigh, ” c. vi. 41353al. “ to be followed. ”1354al. “ we have often heard. ”1355al. “ what a word of unbelief, spake they, exhorting. ”1356al. “ was fitting. ”1357al. “ bitterness. ”263

NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>m172nei<strong>the</strong>r Paul <strong>of</strong> Samosata, 1348 nor Marci<strong>on</strong>, 1349 nor those affected with <strong>the</strong>ir maladies, might haveanything <strong>to</strong> say. By this <strong>the</strong>n he s<strong>to</strong>ppeth all 1350 <strong>the</strong>ir mouths.“After <strong>the</strong>se things was <strong>the</strong> Jews’ feast <strong>of</strong> tabernacles.” The words, “after <strong>the</strong>se things,” mean<strong>on</strong>ly, that <strong>the</strong> writer has here been c<strong>on</strong>cise, <strong>and</strong> has passed over a l<strong>on</strong>g interval <strong>of</strong> time, as is clearfrom this circumstance. When Christ sat 1351 <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> mountain, he saith, that it was <strong>the</strong> feast <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Passover; 1352 while here <strong>the</strong> writer menti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>the</strong> “feast <strong>of</strong> tabernacles,” <strong>and</strong> during <strong>the</strong> five m<strong>on</strong>thshath nei<strong>the</strong>r related or taught us anything else, except <strong>the</strong> miracle <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> loaves, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> serm<strong>on</strong>made <strong>to</strong> those who ate <strong>the</strong>m. Yet He ceased not <strong>to</strong> work miracles, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> c<strong>on</strong>verse, both in <strong>the</strong> day,<strong>and</strong> in <strong>the</strong> evening, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>tentimes at night; at least, it was thus that He presided over His disciples,as all <strong>the</strong> Evangelists tell us. Why <strong>the</strong>n have <strong>the</strong>y omitted that interval? Because it was impossible<strong>to</strong> recount everything fully, <strong>and</strong> moreover, because <strong>the</strong>y were anxious <strong>to</strong> menti<strong>on</strong> those points whichwere followed 1353 by any fault-finding or gainsaying <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Jews. There were many circumstanceslike those which here are omitted; for that He raised <strong>the</strong> dead, healed <strong>the</strong> sick, <strong>and</strong> was admired,<strong>the</strong>y have frequently recorded; 1354 but when <strong>the</strong>y have anything uncomm<strong>on</strong> <strong>to</strong> tell, when <strong>the</strong>y have<strong>to</strong> describe any charge seemingly put forth against Him, <strong>the</strong>se things <strong>the</strong>y set down; such as thisnow, that “His brethren believed Him not.” For a circumstance like this brings with it no slightsuspici<strong>on</strong>, <strong>and</strong> it is worth our while <strong>to</strong> admire <strong>the</strong>ir truth-loving dispositi<strong>on</strong>, how <strong>the</strong>y are notashamed <strong>to</strong> relate things which seem <strong>to</strong> bring disgrace up<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir Teacher, but have been even moreanxious <strong>to</strong> report <strong>the</strong>se than o<strong>the</strong>r matters. For instance, <strong>the</strong> writer having passed by many signs<strong>and</strong> w<strong>on</strong>ders <strong>and</strong> serm<strong>on</strong>s, has sprung at <strong>on</strong>ce <strong>to</strong> this.Ver. 3–5 . For, saith he, “His brethren said un<strong>to</strong> Him, Depart hence, <strong>and</strong> go in<strong>to</strong> Judæa, thatThy disciples also may see <strong>the</strong> works that Thou doest; for <strong>the</strong>re is no man that doeth anything insecret, <strong>and</strong> he himself seeketh <strong>to</strong> be known openly. Show thyself <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> world. For nei<strong>the</strong>r did Hisbrethren believe in Him.”[2.] What unbelief, saith some <strong>on</strong>e, is here? They exhort 1355 Him <strong>to</strong> work miracles. It is greatdeed; for <strong>of</strong> unbelief come <strong>the</strong>ir words, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir insolence, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir unseas<strong>on</strong>able freedom <strong>of</strong>speech. For <strong>the</strong>y thought, that owing <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir relati<strong>on</strong>ship, it was lawful 1356 for <strong>the</strong>m <strong>to</strong> address Himboldly. And <strong>the</strong>ir request seems forsooth <strong>to</strong> be that <strong>of</strong> friends, but <strong>the</strong> words were those <strong>of</strong> greatmaliciousness. 1357 For in this place <strong>the</strong>y reproach Him with cowardice <strong>and</strong> vainglory: since <strong>to</strong> say,“no man doeth anything in secret,” is <strong>the</strong> expressi<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> pers<strong>on</strong>s charging Him with cowardice, <strong>and</strong>suspecting <strong>the</strong> things d<strong>on</strong>e by Him as being not really d<strong>on</strong>e; <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> add, that “he seeketh <strong>to</strong> beknown,” was <strong>to</strong> accuse Him <strong>of</strong> vainglory. But observe, I pray you, <strong>the</strong> power <strong>of</strong> Christ. Of thosewho said <strong>the</strong>se things, <strong>on</strong>e became first Bishop <strong>of</strong> Jerusalem, <strong>the</strong> blessed James, <strong>of</strong> whom Paulsaith, “O<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Apostles saw I n<strong>on</strong>e, save James, <strong>the</strong> Lord’s bro<strong>the</strong>r” ( Gal. i. 19 ); <strong>and</strong> Judas1348p. 30.1349p. 30.1350al. “ both. ”1351al. “ when he showed Him sitting. ”1352“ The Passover was nigh, ” c. vi. 41353al. “ <strong>to</strong> be followed. ”1354al. “ we have <strong>of</strong>ten heard. ”1355al. “ what a word <strong>of</strong> unbelief, spake <strong>the</strong>y, exhorting. ”1356al. “ was fitting. ”1357al. “ bitterness. ”263

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