Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

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NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom164words. And observe how by little and little He led them up to Himself. Here He saith that Himselfgiveth, not the Father; 1297 “The bread that I will give is My flesh, which I will give for the life ofthe world.”“But,” saith some one, “this doctrine was strange to them and unusual.” 1298 And yet John at anearlier period alluded to it by calling Him “Lamb.” ( c. i. 29 .) “But for all that, they knew it not.”I know they did not; nay, neither did the disciples understand. For if as yet they had no clearknowledge of the Resurrection, and so knew not what, “Destroy this Temple, and in three days Iwill raise it up” ( John ii. 19 ), might mean, much more would they be ignorant of what is saidhere. For these words were less clear than those. Since that prophets had raised men 1299 from thedead, they knew, even if the Scriptures have not spoken so clearly on the subject, but not one ofthem ever asserted that any man had eaten flesh. Still they obeyed, and followed Him, and confessedthat He had the words of eternal life. For this is a disciple’s part, not to be over-curious about theassertions of his teacher, but to hear and obey him, and to wait the proper time for the solution ofany difficulties. “How then,” saith some one, “was it that the contrary came to pass, and that thesemen ‘went back’?” It was by reason of their folly. For when questioning concerning the “how”comes in, there comes in with it unbelief. So Nicodemus was perplexed, saying, “How can a manenter into his mother’s womb?” So also these are confounded, saying,Ver. 52 . “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”If thou seekest to know the “how,” why askedst not thou this in the matter of the loaves, howHe extended five to so great a number? Because they then only thought of being satisfied, not ofseeing the miracle. “But,” saith some one, “their experience then taught them.” Then by reason ofthat experience these words ought to have been readily received. For to this end He wroughtbeforehand that strange miracle, that taught by it they might no longer disbelieve what should besaid by Him afterwards.[3.] Those men then at that time reaped no fruit from what was said, but we have enjoyed thebenefit in the very realities. Wherefore it is necessary to understand the marvel of the Mysteries,what it is, why it was given, and what is the profit of the action. We become one Body, and “membersof His flesh and of His bones.” ( Eph. v. 30 .) Let the initiated 1300 follow what I say. In order thenthat we may become this not by love only, but in very deed, let us be blended 1301 into that flesh.This is effected by the food which He hath freely given us, desiring to show the love which Hehath for us. On this account He hath mixed up Himself with us; He hath kneaded up 1302 His bodywith ours, that we might be a certain One Thing, 1303 like a body joined to a head. For this belongsto 1304 them who love strongly; this, for instance, Job implied, speaking of his servants, by whomhe was beloved so exceedingly, that they desired to cleave unto his flesh. For they said, to show1297al. “ And observe how He bound the disciples to Himself; for these are they who say, ‘ Thou hast the words of life,whither shall we depart? ’ but here He bringeth in Himself giving, not the Father. ”1298al. “‘ The bread which I will give. ’ But the multitudes not so, but contrariwise, ‘ This is a hard saying, ’ whereforethey go back. Yet it was no strange or unusual doctrine, for John, ” &c.1299or, “ risen. ”1300i.e. communicants.1301ἀ νακερασθῶμεν1302ἀ νέφυρε1303ἕ ν π1304al. “ is proof of. ”252

NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom165the strong love which they felt, “Who would give us to be satisfied with his flesh?” ( Job xxxi. 31.) Wherefore this also Christ hath done, to lead us to a closer friendship, and to show His love forus; He hath given to those who desire Him not only to see Him, but even to touch, and eat Him,and fix their teeth in His flesh, and to embrace Him, and satisfy all their love. Let us then returnfrom that table like lions breathing fire, having become terrible to the devil; thinking on our Head,and on the love which He hath shown for us. Parents often entrust their offspring to others to feed;“but I,” saith He, “do not so, I feed you with Mine own flesh, desiring that you all be nobly born,1305and holding forth to you good hopes for the future. For He who giveth out Himself to you here,much more will do so hereafter. I have willed to become your Brother, for your sake I shared inflesh and blood, and in turn I give out to you the flesh and the blood by which I became yourkinsman.” This blood causeth the image of our King to be fresh 1306 within us, produceth beautyunspeakable, permitteth not the nobleness of our souls to waste away, watering it continually, andnourishing it. The blood derived from our food becomes not at once blood, but something else;while this doth not so, but straightway watereth our souls, and worketh in them some mighty power.This 1307 blood, if rightly taken, driveth away devils, and keepeth them afar off from us, while itcalleth to us Angels and the Lord of Angels. For wherever they see the Lord’s blood, devils flee,and Angels run together. This blood poured forth washed clean all the world; many wise sayingsdid the blessed Paul utter concerning it in the Epistle to the Hebrews. This blood cleansed the secretplace, and the Holy of Holies. And if the type of it had such great power in the temple of theHebrews, and in the midst of Egypt, when smeared on the door-posts, much more the reality. Thisblood sanctified the golden altar; without it the high priest dared not enter into the secret place.This blood consecrated 1308 priests, this in types cleansed 1309 sins. But if it had such power in thetypes, if death so shuddered at the shadow, tell me how would it not have dreaded the very reality?This blood is the salvation of our souls, by this the soul is washed, 1310 by this is beautiful, by thisis inflamed, this causeth our understanding to be more bright than fire, and our soul more beamingthan gold; this blood was poured forth, and made heaven accessible.[4.] Awful in truth are the Mysteries of the Church, awful in truth is the Altar. A fountain wentup out of Paradise sending forth 1311 material rivers, from this table springeth up a fountain whichsendeth forth rivers spiritual. By the side of this fountain are planted not fruitless willows, but treesreaching even to heaven, bearing fruit ever timely and undecaying. If any be scorched with heat,let him come to the side of this fountain and cool his burning. For it quencheth drought, andcomforteth 1312 all things that are burnt up, not by the sun, but by the fiery darts. For it hath itsbeginning from above, and its source is there, whence also its water floweth. Many are the streamsof that fountain which the Comforter sendeth forth, and the Son is the Mediator, not holding mattockto clear the way, but opening our minds. This fountain is a fountain of light, spouting forth rays oftruth. By it stand the Powers on high looking upon the beauty of its streams, because they more1305i.e. by the New Birth.1306ἀ νθηρὰν1307al. “ this mystical blood. ”1308ἐ χειροτονεῖ1309al. “ washed away. ”1310al. “ is delighted. ”1311al. “ pouring forth. ”1312al. “ cooleth. ”253

NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>m165<strong>the</strong> str<strong>on</strong>g love which <strong>the</strong>y felt, “Who would give us <strong>to</strong> be satisfied with his flesh?” ( Job xxxi. 31.) Wherefore this also Christ hath d<strong>on</strong>e, <strong>to</strong> lead us <strong>to</strong> a closer friendship, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> show His love forus; He hath given <strong>to</strong> those who desire Him not <strong>on</strong>ly <strong>to</strong> see Him, but even <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong>uch, <strong>and</strong> eat Him,<strong>and</strong> fix <strong>the</strong>ir teeth in His flesh, <strong>and</strong> <strong>to</strong> embrace Him, <strong>and</strong> satisfy all <strong>the</strong>ir love. Let us <strong>the</strong>n returnfrom that table like li<strong>on</strong>s breathing fire, having become terrible <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> devil; thinking <strong>on</strong> our Head,<strong>and</strong> <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> love which He hath shown for us. Parents <strong>of</strong>ten entrust <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>of</strong>fspring <strong>to</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs <strong>to</strong> feed;“but I,” saith He, “do not so, I feed you with Mine own flesh, desiring that you all be nobly born,1305<strong>and</strong> holding forth <strong>to</strong> you good hopes for <strong>the</strong> future. For He who giveth out Himself <strong>to</strong> you here,much more will do so hereafter. I have willed <strong>to</strong> become your Bro<strong>the</strong>r, for your sake I shared inflesh <strong>and</strong> blood, <strong>and</strong> in turn I give out <strong>to</strong> you <strong>the</strong> flesh <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> blood by which I became yourkinsman.” This blood causeth <strong>the</strong> image <strong>of</strong> our King <strong>to</strong> be fresh 1306 within us, produceth beautyunspeakable, permitteth not <strong>the</strong> nobleness <strong>of</strong> our souls <strong>to</strong> waste away, watering it c<strong>on</strong>tinually, <strong>and</strong>nourishing it. The blood derived from our food becomes not at <strong>on</strong>ce blood, but something else;while this doth not so, but straightway watereth our souls, <strong>and</strong> worketh in <strong>the</strong>m some mighty power.This 1307 blood, if rightly taken, driveth away devils, <strong>and</strong> keepeth <strong>the</strong>m afar <strong>of</strong>f from us, while itcalleth <strong>to</strong> us Angels <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Lord <strong>of</strong> Angels. For wherever <strong>the</strong>y see <strong>the</strong> Lord’s blood, devils flee,<strong>and</strong> Angels run <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r. This blood poured forth washed clean all <strong>the</strong> world; many wise sayingsdid <strong>the</strong> blessed Paul utter c<strong>on</strong>cerning it in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Epistle</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Hebrews</strong>. This blood cleansed <strong>the</strong> secretplace, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Holy <strong>of</strong> Holies. And if <strong>the</strong> type <strong>of</strong> it had such great power in <strong>the</strong> temple <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><strong>Hebrews</strong>, <strong>and</strong> in <strong>the</strong> midst <strong>of</strong> Egypt, when smeared <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> door-posts, much more <strong>the</strong> reality. Thisblood sanctified <strong>the</strong> golden altar; without it <strong>the</strong> high priest dared not enter in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> secret place.This blood c<strong>on</strong>secrated 1308 priests, this in types cleansed 1309 sins. But if it had such power in <strong>the</strong>types, if death so shuddered at <strong>the</strong> shadow, tell me how would it not have dreaded <strong>the</strong> very reality?This blood is <strong>the</strong> salvati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> our souls, by this <strong>the</strong> soul is washed, 1310 by this is beautiful, by thisis inflamed, this causeth our underst<strong>and</strong>ing <strong>to</strong> be more bright than fire, <strong>and</strong> our soul more beamingthan gold; this blood was poured forth, <strong>and</strong> made heaven accessible.[4.] Awful in truth are <strong>the</strong> Mysteries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Church, awful in truth is <strong>the</strong> Altar. A fountain wentup out <strong>of</strong> Paradise sending forth 1311 material rivers, from this table springeth up a fountain whichsendeth forth rivers spiritual. By <strong>the</strong> side <strong>of</strong> this fountain are planted not fruitless willows, but treesreaching even <strong>to</strong> heaven, bearing fruit ever timely <strong>and</strong> undecaying. If any be scorched with heat,let him come <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> side <strong>of</strong> this fountain <strong>and</strong> cool his burning. For it quencheth drought, <strong>and</strong>comforteth 1312 all things that are burnt up, not by <strong>the</strong> sun, but by <strong>the</strong> fiery darts. For it hath itsbeginning from above, <strong>and</strong> its source is <strong>the</strong>re, whence also its water floweth. Many are <strong>the</strong> streams<strong>of</strong> that fountain which <strong>the</strong> Comforter sendeth forth, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> S<strong>on</strong> is <strong>the</strong> Media<strong>to</strong>r, not holding mat<strong>to</strong>ck<strong>to</strong> clear <strong>the</strong> way, but opening our minds. This fountain is a fountain <strong>of</strong> light, spouting forth rays <strong>of</strong>truth. By it st<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Powers <strong>on</strong> high looking up<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> beauty <strong>of</strong> its streams, because <strong>the</strong>y more1305i.e. by <strong>the</strong> New Birth.1306ἀ νθηρὰν1307al. “ this mystical blood. ”1308ἐ χειροτονεῖ1309al. “ washed away. ”1310al. “ is delighted. ”1311al. “ pouring forth. ”1312al. “ cooleth. ”253

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