Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews

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NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostom155The Jews under the guidance of Moses passed over the Red Sea, but that case is widely differentfrom this. He did all with prayer and as a servant, but Christ with absolute 1232 power. There whenthe south wind 1233 blew, the water yielded so as to make them pass over on dry land, but here themiracle was greater. ( Ex. xiv. 21 .) For the sea retaining its proper nature so bare its Lord uponits surface, 1234 thus testifying to the Scripture which saith, “Who walketh upon the sea as upon apavement.” ( Job ix. 8 .)And with reason, when He was about to enter into stubborn and disobedient Capernaum, didHe work the miracle of the loaves, as desiring not only by what took place within, but also by themiracles which were wrought without the city, to soften its disobedience. For was it not enough tosoften even any stone, that such multitudes should come with great eagerness to that city? Yet theyhad no such feeling, but again desired food for the body; for which also they are reproached byJesus.Let us then, beloved, knowing these things, give thanks to God for things of sense, but muchmore for things spiritual; for such is His will, and it is on account of the latter that He giveth theformer, leading in, as it were, by these the more imperfect sort, and giving them previous teaching,because they are yet gaping upon the world. But when such persons having received these worldlythings, rest in them, then are they upbraided and rebuked. For in the case of him that had the palsy,Christ wished first to give that which was spiritual, but they that were present endured it not; forwhen He said, “Thy sins be forgiven thee,” they exclaimed, “This man blasphemeth.” ( Matt. ix.2 .) Let us not, I entreat you, be so affected, but let us make more 1235 account of those (spiritual)things. Wherefore? Because when spiritual things are present with us, no harm ariseth from theabsence 1236 of fleshly things; but when they are not, what hope, what comfort, shall then remain tous? wherefore it is for these we ought always to call upon God, and entreat Him for them. And forsuch hath Christ also taught us to pray; for if we unfold that Prayer, we shall find that there isnothing carnal in it, but all spiritual, and that even the small portion which seemeth to relate tosense, becometh by the manner spiritual. For to bid us ask no more than our “successive,” 1237 thatis, our “daily,” bread, would mark a mind spiritual and truly wise. And consider what goeth beforethat, “Hallowed be Thy Name, Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done as in heaven so on earth”;then, after naming that temporal (need), He quickly leaveth it, and bringeth 1238 us again to thespiritual doctrine, saying, “Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.” Nowhere hath He putin the Prayer riches or glory or dominion, but all things contributing to the benefit of the soul;nothing earthly, but all things heavenly. If then we are bidden to refrain from the things of thispresent life, how could we help being wretched and miserable, asking from God those things whicheven having He biddeth us cast away, to free us from care about them, and for which He biddethus take no pains. 1239 This is the “using vain repetition”; and this is why we effect nothing by ourprayers. “How then,” saith some one, “do the wicked grow rich, how the unjust and impure,1232lit. “ all. ”1233a strong east wind.1234lit. “ back. ”1235al. “ much. ”1236al. “ lack. ”1237ἐ πιουσίον , i.e. εἰς τὴν ἐπίουσαν ἡμ1238al. “ came. ”1239al. “ no pains, but rather neither to have nor to desire them. ”238

NPNF (V1-14)St. Chrysostomplunderers and covetous?” Not by God’s giving; (away with the thought!) but by plundering, andtaking more than their due. 1240 “And how doth God allow them?” As He allowed that rich man,reserving him for greater punishment. ( Luke xvi. 25 .) Hear what (Abraham) saith to him; “Son,thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things, but now he iscomforted, and thou art tormented.” Therefore that we also come not to hear that voice, by livingsoftly and idly, and gathering together for ourselves many sins, let us choose the true riches andright wisdom, that we may obtain the promised good things; to which may we all arrive, throughthe grace and lovingkindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom and with whom, to the Father andthe Holy Ghost, be glory, now and ever and world without end. Amen.Homily XLIV.John vi. 26, 27“Jesus answered them, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Ye seek Me, not because ye saw themiracles but because ye did eat of the loaves and were filled. Labor not for the meat whichperisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life.”[1.] The mild and gentle is not always useful, but there are times when the teacher needs sharperlanguage. For if the disciple be dull and gross, then, in order to touch his dullness to the quick, wemust rouse him with 1241 a goad. And this the Son of God hath done in the present as well as inmany other cases. For when the crowds had come and found Jesus, and were flattering Him, andsaying, “Master, when camest Thou hither?” to show that He desireth not honor from men, butlooketh to one thing only, their salvation, He answereth them sharply, wishing to correct them notin this way only, but also by revealing and exposing their thoughts. For what saith He? “Verily,verily, I say unto you,” (speaking positively and with a confirmation,) “Ye seek Me, not becauseye saw miracles, but because ye did eat of the loaves and were filled.” He chideth and reproveththem by these words, yet doth not so abruptly or violently, but very sparingly. For He saith not, “Oye gluttons and belly-slaves, I have wrought so many wonders, and ye never have either followedMe, or marveled at My doings”; but mildly and gently somewhat in this manner; “Ye seek Me, notbecause ye saw miracles, but because ye did eat of the loaves and were filled”; speaking not onlyof the past, but also of the present miracle. “It was not,” He saith, “the miracle of the loaves thatastonished you, but the being filled.” 1242 And that He said not this of them by conjecture theystraightway showed, for on this account they came the second time, as being about to enjoy thesame (food) as before. Wherefore they said, “Our fathers did eat manna in the wilderness.” Againthey draw Him to (the subject of) carnal food, which was the chief accusation and charge against1240Ben. omits “ but by plundering, and taking more than their due. ”1241al. “ use towards him. ”1242al. For He all but saith this in what He directeth against them: “ It was not, ” &c.239

NPNF (V1-14)<strong>St</strong>. Chrysos<strong>to</strong>mplunderers <strong>and</strong> cove<strong>to</strong>us?” Not by God’s giving; (away with <strong>the</strong> thought!) but by plundering, <strong>and</strong>taking more than <strong>the</strong>ir due. 1240 “And how doth God allow <strong>the</strong>m?” As He allowed that rich man,reserving him for greater punishment. ( Luke xvi. 25 .) Hear what (Abraham) saith <strong>to</strong> him; “S<strong>on</strong>,thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, <strong>and</strong> likewise Lazarus evil things, but now he iscomforted, <strong>and</strong> thou art <strong>to</strong>rmented.” Therefore that we also come not <strong>to</strong> hear that voice, by livings<strong>of</strong>tly <strong>and</strong> idly, <strong>and</strong> ga<strong>the</strong>ring <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r for ourselves many sins, let us choose <strong>the</strong> true riches <strong>and</strong>right wisdom, that we may obtain <strong>the</strong> promised good things; <strong>to</strong> which may we all arrive, through<strong>the</strong> grace <strong>and</strong> lovingkindness <strong>of</strong> our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom <strong>and</strong> with whom, <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r <strong>and</strong><strong>the</strong> Holy Ghost, be glory, now <strong>and</strong> ever <strong>and</strong> world without end. Amen.Homily XLIV.<strong>John</strong> vi. 26, 27“Jesus answered <strong>the</strong>m, <strong>and</strong> said, Verily, verily, I say un<strong>to</strong> you, Ye seek Me, not because ye saw <strong>the</strong>miracles but because ye did eat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> loaves <strong>and</strong> were filled. Labor not for <strong>the</strong> meat whichperisheth, but for that meat which endureth un<strong>to</strong> everlasting life.”[1.] The mild <strong>and</strong> gentle is not always useful, but <strong>the</strong>re are times when <strong>the</strong> teacher needs sharperlanguage. For if <strong>the</strong> disciple be dull <strong>and</strong> gross, <strong>the</strong>n, in order <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong>uch his dullness <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> quick, wemust rouse him with 1241 a goad. And this <strong>the</strong> S<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> God hath d<strong>on</strong>e in <strong>the</strong> present as well as inmany o<strong>the</strong>r cases. For when <strong>the</strong> crowds had come <strong>and</strong> found Jesus, <strong>and</strong> were flattering Him, <strong>and</strong>saying, “Master, when camest Thou hi<strong>the</strong>r?” <strong>to</strong> show that He desireth not h<strong>on</strong>or from men, butlooketh <strong>to</strong> <strong>on</strong>e thing <strong>on</strong>ly, <strong>the</strong>ir salvati<strong>on</strong>, He answereth <strong>the</strong>m sharply, wishing <strong>to</strong> correct <strong>the</strong>m notin this way <strong>on</strong>ly, but also by revealing <strong>and</strong> exposing <strong>the</strong>ir thoughts. For what saith He? “Verily,verily, I say un<strong>to</strong> you,” (speaking positively <strong>and</strong> with a c<strong>on</strong>firmati<strong>on</strong>,) “Ye seek Me, not becauseye saw miracles, but because ye did eat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> loaves <strong>and</strong> were filled.” He chideth <strong>and</strong> reproveth<strong>the</strong>m by <strong>the</strong>se words, yet doth not so abruptly or violently, but very sparingly. For He saith not, “Oye glutt<strong>on</strong>s <strong>and</strong> belly-slaves, I have wrought so many w<strong>on</strong>ders, <strong>and</strong> ye never have ei<strong>the</strong>r followedMe, or marveled at My doings”; but mildly <strong>and</strong> gently somewhat in this manner; “Ye seek Me, notbecause ye saw miracles, but because ye did eat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> loaves <strong>and</strong> were filled”; speaking not <strong>on</strong>ly<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> past, but also <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> present miracle. “It was not,” He saith, “<strong>the</strong> miracle <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> loaves thatast<strong>on</strong>ished you, but <strong>the</strong> being filled.” 1242 And that He said not this <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m by c<strong>on</strong>jecture <strong>the</strong>ystraightway showed, for <strong>on</strong> this account <strong>the</strong>y came <strong>the</strong> sec<strong>on</strong>d time, as being about <strong>to</strong> enjoy <strong>the</strong>same (food) as before. Wherefore <strong>the</strong>y said, “Our fa<strong>the</strong>rs did eat manna in <strong>the</strong> wilderness.” Again<strong>the</strong>y draw Him <strong>to</strong> (<strong>the</strong> subject <strong>of</strong>) carnal food, which was <strong>the</strong> chief accusati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> charge against1240Ben. omits “ but by plundering, <strong>and</strong> taking more than <strong>the</strong>ir due. ”1241al. “ use <strong>to</strong>wards him. ”1242al. For He all but saith this in what He directeth against <strong>the</strong>m: “ It was not, ” &c.239

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