Writ of summons - Van Diepen Van der Kroef
Writ of summons - Van Diepen Van der Kroef Writ of summons - Van Diepen Van der Kroef
(17%) and others (8%). The territory of Yugoslavia was populated from timeimmemorial by these ethnic groups. Throughout the centuries there had been bothpeaceful co-existence as well as conflict. The conflicts had always been along thoseethnic lines.9. What had been warned of in the West since the death of Tito in 1980 happened at theend of the 1980s. Under the influence of the fall of the Wall and economic decline,Yugoslavia began to fall apart and friction arose along ethnic lines.10. Slovenia and Croatia declared their independence in June 1991. A war followed inSlovenia that lasted 10 days, and in Croatia a war that lasted several months. Macedoniadeclared its independence in September 1991. The divergent ethnic groups in BosniaHerzegovina began to prepare themselves for the struggle. The fat was in the fire when areferendum over the future of Bosnia Herzegovina was held. Attacks occurred and roadblocks were set up by paramilitary organisations. The leader of the Bosnian Serbs,Radovan Karadzic, warned on 3 March 1992 that developments threatened in Sarajevo,‘which would make Northern Ireland look like a holiday resort’ (see page 518 of theNIOD Report). The Bosnian Serbs occupied some 70% of Bosnia Herzegovina in themonths of March through June 1992. It was difficult to form an overall view or to followthe war that ensued because, amongst other things, the warring parties acted in alliancesthat could vary even from village to village.11. The Serbs proceeded to engage in so-called ‘ethnic cleansing’ in ‘their’ areas of BosniaHerzegovina (see page 538 et seq. of the NIOD Report and Chapters 6 and 7 of theNIOD Report entitled ‘History and Reminders in East Bosnia’). Those cleansingoperations were aimed at ensuring that only Bosnian Serbs remained in a given place.That was done by military and paramilitary forces (in the case of the Serbs oftendesignated as ‘Četniks’ or ‘Chetniks’), who forced the civilian population of other ethnicbackgrounds to flee or harassed them to leave. It was often the case that people wereimprisoned in camps and/or killed.© Van Diepen Van der Kroef Advocaten 2007www.vandiepen.com12
12. The Yugoslav People’s Army (or: JNA, Jugoslavenska Narodna Armija), which wasdominated by Serbs, began in the autumn of 1991 to arm strategically situated villages inEast Bosnia. That also happened in the Municipality of Srebrenica. In Srebrenica Townitself the Bosniacs temporarily retained the upper hand. The most important cities inEast Bosnia were brought under Serb control and hundreds of Bosniacs were arbitrarilymurdered in that process. Thereafter, the Serb attention focused on taking control also ofthose villages and cities in East Bosnia with a Bosniac majority. That occurred, forexample, in Bratunac, a small city less than ten kilometres from Srebrenica, at thebeginning of April 1992. The local police force was divided between Serbs andBosniacs, whereupon the town was overrun by Serb military and paramilitary forces andeffectively came under Serb control. Then the local TV-masts were blown up to ensurethat the civilian population could only receive Serb television channels. An ultimatumwas given to the Bosniac authorities to leave the town, and those authoritiessubsequently fled the town (see page 1206 of the NIOD Report and page 37 of theSummary of the NIOD Report).13. Despite the predominance of Bosniacs in and around Srebrenica, the Serb paramilitariessucceeded within a few weeks in bringing a significant part of East Bosnia under theircontrol, including Srebrenica (see page 5, point 13 of the decision of the YugoslaviaTribunal at first instance). The Bosniacs began slowly to unite forces and in May 1992succeeded in retaking Srebrenica and the surrounding areas. Attacks by both sides thenfollowed. The enclave had been compressed from 900 to 140 square kilometres byJanuary 1993 and the civilian population in Srebrenica had grown to between 50,000and 60,000 persons. This included a large number of refugees from the villages andsmaller towns around Srebrenica. Reports of terror acts against civilians circulated onboth sides during the succeeding months. Groups of Bosniacs in reaction to the terrororganized violent sorties against Serb villages in the areas surrounding the enclave andSerb settlements and houses were plundered and burnt to the ground without respect forperson. These sorties took on the character of raids as the food situation in Srebrenicaincreasingly became more acute. Between April 1992 and March 1994 there were atleast 1,000 Serb civilian victims, while in the same period some 2,000 Bosniacs died in© Van Diepen Van der Kroef Advocaten 2007www.vandiepen.com13
- Page 1 and 2: WRIT OF SUMMONSDISTRICT COURT, THE
- Page 3 and 4: IN ORDER:on Wednesday, thetwo thous
- Page 5 and 6: - every request by the inhabitants
- Page 7 and 8: 8. The fate of the civilian populat
- Page 9 and 10: IV Tender of evidence 446I Facts5.
- Page 11: NIOD. This Report is referred to as
- Page 15 and 16: ‘Prior to departing, he addressed
- Page 17 and 18: - UN resolution 816 (31 March 1993)
- Page 19 and 20: No. 4:Decides to ensure full respec
- Page 21 and 22: …Should UNPROFOR’s presence pro
- Page 23 and 24: 30. To reiterate here, the question
- Page 25 and 26: UN and the State of the Netherlands
- Page 27 and 28: Brigade. In addition, the State of
- Page 29 and 30: 43. The choice in favour of deploym
- Page 31 and 32: The government parties replied to t
- Page 33 and 34: population during the training as
- Page 35 and 36: Potocari/Srebrenica. This chain of
- Page 37 and 38: 63. As appears from the above, and
- Page 39 and 40: eference to the failure to act of D
- Page 41 and 42: ‘I have been directed, today 29 M
- Page 43 and 44: leaders (Milosevic, Karadzic and Ml
- Page 45 and 46: observation post was not carried ou
- Page 47 and 48: attack on the Safe Area on 6 July 1
- Page 49 and 50: single shot being fired and OP-F wa
- Page 51 and 52: immediate and robust reaction Nicol
- Page 53 and 54: know what Dutchbat itself would do
- Page 55 and 56: that the enclave was continuously e
- Page 57 and 58: ‘You are to use all means at your
- Page 59 and 60: Commander therefore gave the order
- Page 61 and 62: he proposed to have Karremens arres
(17%) and others (8%). The territory <strong>of</strong> Yugoslavia was populated from timeimmemorial by these ethnic groups. Throughout the centuries there had been bothpeaceful co-existence as well as conflict. The conflicts had always been along thoseethnic lines.9. What had been warned <strong>of</strong> in the West since the death <strong>of</strong> Tito in 1980 happened at theend <strong>of</strong> the 1980s. Un<strong>der</strong> the influence <strong>of</strong> the fall <strong>of</strong> the Wall and economic decline,Yugoslavia began to fall apart and friction arose along ethnic lines.10. Slovenia and Croatia declared their independence in June 1991. A war followed inSlovenia that lasted 10 days, and in Croatia a war that lasted several months. Macedoniadeclared its independence in September 1991. The divergent ethnic groups in BosniaHerzegovina began to prepare themselves for the struggle. The fat was in the fire when areferendum over the future <strong>of</strong> Bosnia Herzegovina was held. Attacks occurred and roadblocks were set up by paramilitary organisations. The lea<strong>der</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Bosnian Serbs,Radovan Karadzic, warned on 3 March 1992 that developments threatened in Sarajevo,‘which would make Northern Ireland look like a holiday resort’ (see page 518 <strong>of</strong> theNIOD Report). The Bosnian Serbs occupied some 70% <strong>of</strong> Bosnia Herzegovina in themonths <strong>of</strong> March through June 1992. It was difficult to form an overall view or to followthe war that ensued because, amongst other things, the warring parties acted in alliancesthat could vary even from village to village.11. The Serbs proceeded to engage in so-called ‘ethnic cleansing’ in ‘their’ areas <strong>of</strong> BosniaHerzegovina (see page 538 et seq. <strong>of</strong> the NIOD Report and Chapters 6 and 7 <strong>of</strong> theNIOD Report entitled ‘History and Remin<strong>der</strong>s in East Bosnia’). Those cleansingoperations were aimed at ensuring that only Bosnian Serbs remained in a given place.That was done by military and paramilitary forces (in the case <strong>of</strong> the Serbs <strong>of</strong>tendesignated as ‘Četniks’ or ‘Chetniks’), who forced the civilian population <strong>of</strong> other ethnicbackgrounds to flee or harassed them to leave. It was <strong>of</strong>ten the case that people wereimprisoned in camps and/or killed.© <strong>Van</strong> <strong>Diepen</strong> <strong>Van</strong> <strong>der</strong> <strong>Kroef</strong> Advocaten 2007www.vandiepen.com12
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