Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 Service Manual - Audiofanzine
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Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 Service Manual - Audiofanzine

Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 Service Manual - Audiofanzine Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 Service Manual - Audiofanzine

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IiSECTION 9PRCX^RAMMING9-0 INTRODUCTIONThis section is the software guide to the system interface distinguishing Rev 3.2Prophet-5s. The interface was specifically designed to accomodate the Model 1005Polyphonic Sequencer, Model iOOl Remote Keyboard/Controller, and otheraccesories.But to encourage experimentation with remote programming of the Prophet we publishthis specification for enthusiasts who would design their own sequencer/controller.Many of the popular microcomputers can now be interfaced to the Prophet-5.All the information you need to use the interface is below. The programs required totransmit keyboard status and to process external keyboard and program commands arecontained within the Prophet's own software. This considerably simplifies your sequencersoftware design into the data exchange of "bit maps" of the keyboard as it isrecorded or played. The sequencer never enters into the Prophet's operating systemitself, so your experiments can not "hurt" the Prophet by faulty programming.(Although you can of course cause damage with faulty hardware.) The Prophet'soperating system isin PROM and remains unaltered, no matter what you do. At worstyou will ercise the Non Volatile (NV) RAM which stores the "sound" programs. But theprograms are easily re-loaded through the standard CASSETTE interface.1005 stores and loads programs through this system interface.)(The ModelThis is a high-speed serial interface, with the clock supplied by the external sequenceror keyboard. We can recommend the SIGNETICS 2651 or 2661 Programmable CommunicationsInterface, which is essentially a microcomputer-oriented USART (UniversalSynchronous/Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter), because it is what the Prophet uses.The 2661 can be clocked to 1MHz. The Model 1005 clocks the Prophet at 625 kHz. Notall USARTs will operate at the speeds required, so choose carefully. USARTs areprobably the easiest to use, but other techniques are possible. A cleverly-programmedmicroprocessor could drive the interface directly, as could discrete logic.9-1 Data FormatBoth the DATA TO and DATA FROM SYNTH signalsuse the standard asynchronousserial format; start bit, eight data bits, parity (odd), stop bit. Start bit is low, data ispositive, stop is high.DATASTARTBITCLOCKFigure 9-0DATA FORMATTM1000D.2 10/81 9-1

tIAt the speed this system normally operates, completely asynchronous operation was notpossible. Therefore the external circuitry provides its own normally-high clock. Clockdivision is not used, so during data transmission a clock pulse must accompany eachdata bit. As shown, the Prophet receiver samples DATA TO on the rising edge of theclock. The clock should be free running, but the system will work if the clock togglesonly during data transmission.9-2 Error CheckingWhen itreceives data, the Prophet receiver interrupts its CPU which examines a statusregister in the receiver. The status register indicates if there are any errors. If there isan error, the Prophet transmits code 3F on DATA FROM SYNTH.There are three possible types of errors: parity, framing, and overrun.Odd parity works by counting the total number of the data bits and the parity bit (9total) which are set. If one, three, five, or seven data bits are set (1), parity is alreadyodd, therefore the parity bit is left reset (0). If zero, two, four, six, or eight data bitsare set, the parity bit is set to make the total set bit count odd. The Prophet checksDATA TO for parity. The Prophet sends the parity bit with DATA FROM. However, youmay choose to ignore parity at your sequencer receiver.A framing error results when the receiver doesn't find a stop bit at the end of the byte.In a standard asynchronous system this could be caused by a gross difference in transmitand receive clock frequencies. On this system there is a single clock, so a framing errormay only result from actual data loss or noise.An overrun error results when data is being sent too fast for the Prophet receiver toprocess it (or, by not allowing enough time between bytes). So, this error results fromtransmit timing problems with your interface.9-3 Status BytesThe Prophet-5 never volunteers DATA FROM, itonly transmits when prompted by thesequencer. Communication is initiated by the sequencer transmitting "status" byteswhich may or may not signify that data follows. For example, to change programs thesequencer first sends a byte to the Prophet saying that the next byte is the newprogram number. The Prophet will then wait for this second"Byte, and change itsprogram accordingly when itis received.There are 12 unique status bytes. A status byte Is simply a unique hexadecimal (H)number. It is distinguished from other bytes merely by being the first which thesequencer transmits to the Prophet as part of any data transfer. The Prophet requires- 1-1/2 milliseconds (worst case) to respond to the status byte interrupt. It will then beready to receive or transmit data which is formatted and timed as specified below.Generally, while data can be transmitted with spaces of between 1 to ^ ms betweenbytes without causing errors, you will probably want to operate faster for the mosttransparent operation. Most of the Prophet's receiving operations are accompanied by a"time-out" which declares an error if data is not received within ^ ms. When such anerror is detected, the Prophet simply ignores the received data and resets to wait foranother status byte. So if your data arrives too late, or you accidentally send more datathan needed, the Prophet may interpret the data as a status byte.9-2TM1000D.2 10/81

IiSECTION 9PRCX^RAMMING9-0 INTRODUCTIONThis section is the software guide to the system interface distinguishing Rev 3.2<strong>Prophet</strong>-5s. The interface was specifically designed to accomodate the Model 1005Polyphonic Sequencer, Model iOOl Remote Keyboard/Controller, and otheraccesories.But to encourage experimentation with remote programming of the <strong>Prophet</strong> we publishthis specification for enthusiasts who would design their own sequencer/controller.Many of the popular microcomputers can now be interfaced to the <strong>Prophet</strong>-5.All the information you need to use the interface is below. The programs required totransmit keyboard status and to process external keyboard and program commands arecontained within the <strong>Prophet</strong>'s own software. This considerably simplifies your sequencersoftware design into the data exchange of "bit maps" of the keyboard as it isrecorded or played. The sequencer never enters into the <strong>Prophet</strong>'s operating systemitself, so your experiments can not "hurt" the <strong>Prophet</strong> by faulty programming.(Although you can of course cause damage with faulty hardware.) The <strong>Prophet</strong>'soperating system isin PROM and remains unaltered, no matter what you do. At worstyou will ercise the Non Volatile (NV) RAM which stores the "sound" programs. But theprograms are easily re-loaded through the standard CASSETTE interface.1005 stores and loads programs through this system interface.)(The ModelThis is a high-speed serial interface, with the clock supplied by the external sequenceror keyboard. We can recommend the SIGNETICS 2651 or 2661 Programmable CommunicationsInterface, which is essentially a microcomputer-oriented USART (UniversalSynchronous/Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter), because it is what the <strong>Prophet</strong> uses.The 2661 can be clocked to 1MHz. The Model 1005 clocks the <strong>Prophet</strong> at 625 kHz. Notall USARTs will operate at the speeds required, so choose carefully. USARTs areprobably the easiest to use, but other techniques are possible. A cleverly-programmedmicroprocessor could drive the interface directly, as could discrete logic.9-1 Data FormatBoth the DATA TO and DATA FROM SYNTH signalsuse the standard asynchronousserial format; start bit, eight data bits, parity (odd), stop bit. Start bit is low, data ispositive, stop is high.DATASTARTBITCLOCKFigure 9-0DATA FORMATTM1000D.2 10/81 9-1

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