Nation-Building and Contested Identities: Romanian & Hungarian ...

“The California of the Romanians”39 Mihail Kogãlniceanu, Opere, vol. 5, part I (1878-1880), p. 269.40 For more on Kogãlniceanu’s political and scholarly activity, see AlexandruZub, Mihail Kogãlniceanu, istoric (Mihail Kogãlniceanu, historian) (Iaºi:Junimea 1974); and Mihail Kogãlniceanu: Biobibliografie (Mihail Kogãlniceanu:Biobibliography) (Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedicã Românã, 1971).41 Mihail Kogãlniceanu, Opere, vol. 5, part I (1878-1880), p. 268.42 Mihail Kogãlniceanu, Opere, vol. 5, part I (1878-1880), p. 270.43 Mihail Kogãlniceanu, Opere, vol. 5, part I (1878-1880), p. 270.44 Mülk denoted private property over lands in villages and cities; 2) Miriè – themost common form of property in Dobrogea – designated state property outsidelocalities, in concession to individuals in exchange for an annual tithe (theright of land usage was attested by an official document called tapù); 3) Vakfwas the property of religious institutions; 4) Metrukè was the public propertyover squares, roads, and communal places; and finally, 5) Mevat, was theunused land, represented in Dobrogea mainly by the Danube Delta.45 See Ioan N. Roman, Studiu asupra proprietãþii rurale în Dobrogea (Study on therural property in Dobrogea) (Constanþa: Ovidiu, 1907); also articles by IoanN. Roman and Constantin Filipescu in Dobrogea, cincizeci de ani de viaþãromâneascã (Dobrogea, fifty years of Romanian life) (Bucharest: Culturanaþionalã, 1928), pp. 279-284, and 485-525; and Liviu P. Marcu, “Réformeagraires et régime de propriété en Dobroudja,” Révue des Etudes Sud-EstEuropennes (Bucharest) 22 (1984) 3, pp. 267-273.46 Legea pentru Organizarea administrativã, Art. 11.47 See the “Regulation” of 5 June 1880, in Hamangiu, Codul General al României,vol. 2, pp. 292-295.48 See the “Regulament,” Art. 1-2, in Hamangiu, Codul General al României, vol.2, pp. 467-468.49 Hamangiu, Codul General al României, vol. 2, p. 452.50 See “The Interpretative Law” of 1910, Article 2, in Hamangiu, Codul Generalal României, vol. 2, p. 452.51 M. D. Ionescu, Dobrogea în pragul veacului al XX-lea (Dobrogea on the eve ofthe twentieth century) (Bucharest: I. V. Socecu, 1904), p. 350.52 M. D. Ionescu, Dobrogea în pragul, p. 929.53 Hamangiu, Codul General al României, vol. 2, p. 538.54 See Art. 3 of the Interpretative Law that modified Article 26 of the 1882 law,in Hamangiu, Codul General al României, vol. 2, pp. 453-454.55 Toma Ionescu, “Asupra proprietãþii ºi colonizãrii în Dobrogea” (On propertyand colonization in Dobrogea), in Dobrogea. Cincizeci de ani, p. 274.56 Nicolae Iorga, Droits nationaux et politiques des Roumains dans la Dobroudja(Bucharest, 1918), pp. 88-89.57 Toma Ionescu, “Asupra proprietãþii ºi colonizãrii în Dobrogea,” pp. 266-267.58 Ion Ionescu de la Brad in Slãvescu, Corespondenþa, p. 134; and Dumitruªandru, Mocanii în Dobrogea (Mocans in Dobrogea) (Bucharest: Institutul deIstorie Naþionalã 1986), p. 8159 M. D. Ionescu, Dobrogea în pragul; for 1912, see Sabin Manuilã, “La populationdu Dobroudja” in La Dobroudja Roumaine (Bucharest: Editura Academiei,1938), p. 456. Apart from natural growth, this spectacular increase of thepopulation was due to immigration: in only 15 years (1884-1899), the popu-149