Cover letter_JPR JOG_ACT approved - European Defence Agency

10NATO UNCLASSIFIED RELEASABLE TO THE PUBLIC2.5 Risk considerations0211. The PR system as depicted in figure 2.1 may give the impression that diplomatic,civil and military ways to recover personnel overlap, but that CR, CSAR, etc are clearlydelineated. This is however not true as illustrated by figure 2.2. This figure showsthat the different types of operations overlap. The colour shading from green via amberto red indicates that there is a gradual shift from relatively easy / safe to complex/ risky execution of that particular type of recovery operation. Where SAR typically focuseson people that are isolated, but not evading, CR may range from small to relativelylarge numbers of personnel that may be isolated or evading. CSAR is typically applicablefor small numbers of personnel that may be isolated or evading. Non-conventionalAssisted Recovery (NAR) may be applicable to both small and relatively large numbersof personnel excluding Hostage Release Operations (HRO). Non-combatant EvacuationOperation (NEO) is not considered part of PR, although it might entail small to largegroups of isolated personnel. Recovery TTPs for the extraction of small numbers of noncombatantswill be similar, if not the same, as for CR operations 2 . A similar situationgoes for the rescue of entire units that have become isolated. Such a recovery operationis also considered to be an operation in its own right.0212. A clearly separated issue is when isolated personnel are captured and/or heldhostage. Due to the nature of HRO, they require sovereign military, diplomatic, civil orlegal decisions at the highest levels of a nation’s leadership and are therefore a nationto-nationresponsibility. In certain circumstances, however, NATO may be involved inHRO.0213. The scope of this Joint Operational Guidelines (JOG) is depicted by the dottedcircle in figure 2.2.2 The extraction of large numbers of non-combatants is an operation in its own right as described inAJP-3.4.2NATO UNCLASSIFIED RELEASABLE TO THE PUBLIC