CTA Report, Draft 1, ISP Review - US Chemical Safety and Hazard ...

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4.1.4 Molding Department After exiting the curing oven, the edges of the pad were trimmed and then the mat was cut into pieces of desired length. These pieces, called “pelts,” were manually hung on storage racks as they left the production line. Later, the pelts were moved into the molding department. There, hydraulic presses were used to fully cure the pelts and form them into their final shapes. The fully cured automotive acoustical insulation parts were then trimmed by water-jet cutters and manually packaged for shipment to CTA’s customers. 4.2 Production Line Operation and Cleaning The production lines generally ran continuously during the weekdays. The day shift started at 7:00 am. A crew of five, working 12-hour shifts, normally ran each line. A crew leader directed each crew, adjusted various controls and feeder rates, and completed batch records and production logs. Other crew members typically included an inspector, an oven tender, and two blend line operators. The inspector examined the finished product as it came off the production line to determine if the product met quality specifications. The oven tender operated the curing oven and stacked pelts onto racks. Blend line operators ensured that fiberglass and resin feeders were supplied with raw materials. The crew also cleaned the lines, typically at the beginning of each shift. Daily production line cleaning usually required about 1 hour and included tasks such as: • Using compressed air to blow out the area under the forming chain in the mat-former. • Using a chimney sweep 11 or compressed air to clean the vertical pipes leading to the baghouse. 11 A chimney sweep is an instrument used to clean soot or dust off surfaces inside a chimney, duct, or pipe. 28
• Manually striking baghouse bags with sticks, removing the waste from the baghouse, and dropping it via the pipe chute into the blend room. These line-cleaning activities suspended the combustible dust and allowed it to settle on flat surfaces. The oven was not normally shut down during line cleaning because it took a long time to reheat. Material cleaned out of the processing line was typically dumped onto the plant floor and then swept up with brooms and deposited in a dumpster. Wall-mounted and portable pedestal fans were used to blow dust away from the operators as they cleaned around the lines. The fans increased the dispersion of combustible dust in the production area, which resulted in dust settling on overhead flat surfaces. 4.3 Periodic Line Maintenance Line 405—including the oven—was shut down for maintenance periodically. According to maintenance logs, in 2002, periodic maintenance on line 405 was performed at intervals ranging from 6 to 9 weeks. In 2003, line 405 was first scheduled for periodic maintenance on February 13 (8 weeks from the last maintenance), but the maintenance was postponed twice, and eventually rescheduled for February 21 (9 weeks from the last maintenance). During normal maintenance, accumulations of phenolic resin powder and fiberglass that collected inside the oven were sandblasted off walls and the oven flights. Material in the bottom of the oven was scraped out, the bags inside the baghouse were replaced, and the rotary airlock was cleaned out. The material removed from the airlock was typically dumped on the roof of the blend room. Over time, a pile of combustible dust—about the size of a 5-gallon bucket—built up on the blend room roof. 4.4 Plant Shutdowns Twice a year—typically in July and December—the entire CTA facility was shut down for cleaning and/or maintenance. During the cleaning, all plant equipment was shut down except for exhaust fans and 29
Page 1 and 2: KEY ISSUES: U.S. CHEMICAL S AFETY A
Page 3 and 4: 5.1.2 Line 405 Oven Temperature Con
Page 5 and 6: 9.1 FM Global Guidelines...........
Page 7 and 8: Figures 1 Simplified Layout of CTA
Page 9 and 10: ACC American Chemistry Council Acro
Page 11 and 12: Executive Summary A February 20, 20
Page 13 and 14: 1.0 Introduction At approximately 7
Page 15 and 16: 2.0 Key Findings 1. Combustible phe
Page 17 and 18: 3.0 Facility Description 3.1 CTA Ac
Page 19 and 20: eams. Nonload-bearing masonry block
Page 21 and 22: Thirteen-foot-high freestanding enc
Page 23 and 24: 4.0 Process Description The product
Page 25 and 26: 4.1.2 Mat-former and Baghouse In th
Page 27: Circulating fans and dampers direct
Page 31 and 32: 5.0 Incident Description 5.1 Pre-In
Page 33 and 34: • The line was one week past due
Page 35 and 36: forklift with a semi-enclosed cab d
Page 37 and 38: panels and lights down inside the b
Page 39 and 40: occurred in the southeast corner of
Page 41 and 42: 5.3.3 Firefighting Activities 5.3.3
Page 43 and 44: 5.4 Incident Aftermath The CTA inci
Page 45 and 46: 6.0 Understanding Combustible Dust
Page 47 and 48: As depicted in Figure 11 (Eckhoff,
Page 49 and 50: Figure 12. Mechanism for a dust fir
Page 51 and 52: 7.0 Reconstructive Analysis To dete
Page 53 and 54: urned clean but otherwise intact an
Page 55 and 56: 7.1.2 Other Possible Initiating Eve
Page 57 and 58: Table 3 Borden Chemical Black Pheno
Page 59 and 60: 7.3 Line 405 Equipment Testing CSB
Page 61 and 62: determine if those products are haz
Page 63 and 64: that the phenolic resin could explo
Page 65 and 66: A 1998 internal Borden Chemical mem
Page 67 and 68: • Characterize new and existing p
Page 69 and 70: CTA that phenolic resins, when susp
Page 71 and 72: CTA department supervisors were res
Page 73 and 74: 8.5 Work Practices 8.5.1 Production
Page 75 and 76: operating the oven with the doors o
Page 77 and 78: 8.7 Incident Investigations The inc
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• Excessive accumulations of comb
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Data Sheet 6-9 also states: Clean o
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Table 5 Insurance Company Dust Issu
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standards (Appendix D). Kentucky OS
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10.2.2 Division of Building Codes E
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11.0 Combustible Dust Hazard Study
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4. The Borden Chemical product stew
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13.0 Recommendations CSB developed
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Kentucky Office of Occupational Saf
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BY THE U.S. Chemical Safety and Haz
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Lawson, Robert G., 1984. Beverly Hi
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APPENDIX A: Fire and Explosion Dama
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APPENDIX B: Laboratory Testing of P
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B.2 Minimum Explosible Concentratio
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B.4 Propagating Brush Discharge Ign
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Material Corona Charge Voltage (kV)
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APPENDIX C: Equipment Testing Line
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II controllers, only manufactured a
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Therefore, at any given time, it wa
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APPENDIX D: NFPA Guidelines In prom
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D.2 Other Pertinent NFPA Codes D.2.
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APPENDIX E: HMIS Rating System The
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APPENDIX F: Simplified Organization
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Subtree A Second dust explosion abo
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Subtree C Most CTA personnel had a
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