CTA Report, Draft 1, ISP Review - US Chemical Safety and Hazard ...

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The field meter was repositioned to measure field strength following the electrostatic discharge. The energy of the discharge was calculated by measuring surface potential before and after the discharge. B.4.2 Dust Ignition Tests A similar procedure was followed for testing of the powder material to determine its ignitability. However, the material was screened through a 160-mesh sieve and evenly spread over the plastic sheet surface before the multipoint corona generator was energized. As the grounding ball was lowered, observations were made to determine dust flammability. The presence of a flame is the criterion for dust flammability by propagating brush discharge. For purposes of laboratory testing, the plastic sheet was used to simulate a condition where sufficient powder material existed to form an insulating layer. Depending on the specific process, such a condition may be produced under industrial conditions. RoRo93 (2,26,6-tetramethylpiperdine derivative [a light stabilizer]), a product of Kuhner A.G., was used as a reference dust for testing. B.4.3 Test Results Table B-1 shows the results of the propagating brush discharge ignition tests. The RoRo93 material readily ignited, but two samples of the SD-52SS black phenolic resin tested did not. As propagating brush discharges are the most energetic of all types of electrostatic discharges, these tests results show that static electricity was probably not capable of igniting the phenolic resin dust. 108
Material Corona Charge Voltage (kV) RoRo93 Table B-1 Propagating Brush Discharge Test Results Charge Duration (sec) ES Field Strength Before Discharge (kV/in.) ES Field Strength After Discharge (KV/in.) Observations of Propagating Brush Discharge 30 60 -30 -4 Ignition of dust, resulting in open flame Reference 30 60 -26 -6 Ignition of dust, resulting in open flame SD-52SS Sample 1 SD-52SS 30 60 -30 -10 No ignition of dust 35 60 -28 -10 No ignition of dust 40 60 -26 -10 No ignition of dust 45 60 >-40 -10 No ignition of dust 35 60 -26 -10 No ignition of dust Sample 2 40 60 -26 -10 No ignition of dust B.5 Hot Surface Ignition Temperature of Dust Layer This test determines the hot surface ignition temperature, which is the minimum temperature at which a dust layer will self-heat. The test was conducted per ASTM E2021-00, Standard Test Method for Hot Surface Ignition Temperature of Dust Layers (2000a). No hot surface ignition temperature for the Durite SD-52SS material was observed up to 390°C, the maximum temperature used for this test method (Table B-2). Although the layer temperature did not exceed the hot-plate temperature in either of the two tests, the material did melt and expand in volume. The heated powder layer liberated some fumes; however, they failed to ignite when exposed to a match flame. Therefore, according to the criteria of ASTM E2021-00, the powder layer does not ignite, though it definitely undergoes some form of reaction under heating. 109
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KEY ISSUES: U.S. CHEMICAL S AFETY A
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5.1.2 Line 405 Oven Temperature Con
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9.1 FM Global Guidelines...........
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Figures 1 Simplified Layout of CTA
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ACC American Chemistry Council Acro
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Executive Summary A February 20, 20
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1.0 Introduction At approximately 7
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2.0 Key Findings 1. Combustible phe
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3.0 Facility Description 3.1 CTA Ac
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eams. Nonload-bearing masonry block
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Thirteen-foot-high freestanding enc
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4.0 Process Description The product
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4.1.2 Mat-former and Baghouse In th
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Circulating fans and dampers direct
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• Manually striking baghouse bags
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5.0 Incident Description 5.1 Pre-In
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• The line was one week past due
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forklift with a semi-enclosed cab d
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panels and lights down inside the b
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occurred in the southeast corner of
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5.3.3 Firefighting Activities 5.3.3
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5.4 Incident Aftermath The CTA inci
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6.0 Understanding Combustible Dust
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As depicted in Figure 11 (Eckhoff,
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Figure 12. Mechanism for a dust fir
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7.0 Reconstructive Analysis To dete
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urned clean but otherwise intact an
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7.1.2 Other Possible Initiating Eve
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Page 97 and 98: BY THE U.S. Chemical Safety and Haz
Page 99 and 100: Lawson, Robert G., 1984. Beverly Hi
Page 101 and 102: APPENDIX A: Fire and Explosion Dama
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Page 121 and 122: APPENDIX E: HMIS Rating System The
Page 123 and 124: APPENDIX F: Simplified Organization
Page 125 and 126: Subtree A Second dust explosion abo
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