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39.9 Http trace formatThe trace file of Http agents are constructed in a similar way as the SRM trace files. It consists of multiple entries, each ofwhich occupies one line. The format of each entry is:Time ObjectID Object ValuesThere are three types of objects: client (C), cache (E) and server (S). Following is a complete enumeration of all possibleevents and value types associated with these three types of objects.Object Type Event Type ValuesE HIT 〈Prefix〉E MISS 〈Prefix〉 z 〈RequestSize〉E IMS 〈Prefix〉 z 〈Size〉 t 〈CacheEntryTime〉E REF p 〈PageID〉 s 〈ServerID〉 z 〈Size〉E UPD p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModifiedTime〉 z 〈PageSize〉s 〈ServerID〉E GUPD z 〈PageSize〉E SINV p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModTime〉 z 〈PageSize〉E GINV p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModTime〉E SPF p 〈PageID〉 c 〈DestCache〉E RPF p 〈PageID〉 c 〈SrcCache〉E ENT p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModifiedTime〉 z 〈PageSize〉s 〈ServerID〉C GET p 〈PageID〉 s 〈PageServerID〉 z 〈RequestSize〉C STA p 〈PageID〉 s 〈OrigServerID〉 l 〈StaleTime〉C RCV p 〈PageID〉 s 〈PageServerID〉 l 〈ResponseTime〉 z 〈PageSize〉S INV p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModifiedTime〉 z 〈Size〉S UPD p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModifiedTime〉 z 〈Size〉S SND p 〈PageID〉 m 〈LastModifiedTime〉 z 〈PageSize〉t 〈Requesttype〉S MOD p 〈PageID〉 n 〈NextModifyTime〉〈Prefix〉 is the information common to all trace entries. It includes:p 〈PageID〉 c 〈RequestClientID〉 s 〈PageServerID〉Short Explaination of event operations:357
Object Type Event Type ExplainationE HIT Cache hit. PageSererID is the id of the “owner” of the page.E MISS Cache miss. In this case the cache will send a request to the server to fetch the page.E IMS If-Modified-Since. Used by TTL procotols to validate an expired page.E REF Page refetch. Used by invalidation protocols to refetch an invalidated page.E UPD Page update. Used by invalidation protocols to “push” updatesfrom parent cache to children caches.E SINV Send invalidation.E GINV Get invalidation.E SPF Send a pro formaE RPF Receive a pro formaE ENT Enter a page into local page cache.C GET Client sends a request for a page.C STA Client gets a stale hit. OrigModTime is the modification timein the web server, CurrModTime is the local page’s modification time.C RCV Client receives a page.S SND Server send a response.S UPD Server pushes a page update to its “primary cache”. Used by invalidation protocol only.S INV Server sends an invalidation message. Used by invalidation protocol only.S MOD Server modified a page. The page will be modified next at 〈NextModifyTime〉.39.10 Commands at a glanceFollowing are the web cache related commands:set server [new Http/Server ]This creates an instance of an Http server at the specified . An instance of the simulator needs to be passedas an argument.set client [new Http/Client ]This creates an instance of a Http client at the given .set cache [new Http/Cache This command creates a cache.set pgp [new PagePool/]This creates a pagepool of the type specified. The different types of pagepool currently implemented are:PagePool/Math, PagePool/CompMath, PagePool/ProxyTrace and PagePool/Client. See section 39.4 for details on Otclinterface for each type of Pagepool.$server set-page-generator $server log The above commands consist of server configuration. First the server is attached to a central page pool . Next it isattached to a log file.client set-page-generator $client set-interval-generator 358
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18 Radio Propagation Models 17718.1
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30 Multicast Routing 25130.1 Multic
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38.2.5 An example . . . . . . . . .
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X Other 40347 Educational use of NS
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# so, we lied. now, we define the t
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Chapter 2Undocumented FacilitiesNs
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Part IInterface to the Interpreter1
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• if you can do what you want by
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• tcl.result(const char* s)Pass t
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By convention in ns, the class Agen
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$object set bwvar 1500kb$object set
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For a C++ variable to be traceable,
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3.5 Class TclClassThis compiled cla
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class Packet {......static int hdrl
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The actual arguments passed by the
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class TclClass (Section 3.5) define
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Chapter 4The Class SimulatorThe ove
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4.2.2 the heap schedulerThe heap sc
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4.4 Commands at a glanceSynopsis:ns
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$ns_ dumpqCommand for dumping event
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NODEPortClassifierAgentAgentAddrCla
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The Node instance variable, entry_,
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The default values for all the abov
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The classify() method is pure virtu
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};The class imposes no direct seman
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flow-specific queuing disciplines a
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5.5 Routing Module and Classifier O
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Module NameRtModule/BaseRtModule/Mc
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$node neighborsThis returns the lis
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Linkhead_enqT_queue_ deqT_ link_ tt
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6.2 ConnectorsConnectors, unlink cl
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$ns_ link-lossmodel This function
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Chapter 7Queue Management and Packe
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}}}void Queue::resume(){Packet* p =
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7.3 Different types of Queue object
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maxidle_ is the maximum amount of t
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dst_ The destination address of pac
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7.5.2 ConfigurationRunning a JoBS s
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mean_pkt_size_ Used to set the expe
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Demarker objects$q trace-file This
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The recv() method overrides the bas
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9.2 ImplementationThe procedures an
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Average sending rateTSW window leng
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The following command adds an entry
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$qCE configQ 0 1 10 20 0.10Note tha
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Chapter 10AgentsAgents represent en
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CtrMcast/EncapCtrMcast/DecapMessage
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}bind("windowOption_", &wnd_option_
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hdr_flags* nf = (hdr_flags*)npkt->a
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public:ECHO_Timer(ECHO_Agent *a) :
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10.6.4 Using the agent through OTcl
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State Variables are:dupacks_ Number
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$agent attach-tbf Attaches a token
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(void)Scheduler::instance().schedul
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* outstanding, cancel it.*/void Tcp
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Chapter 12Packet Headers and Format
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method is now obsolete; its usage i
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Packethdrsize_next_bits()points to
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the system’s memory allocator. In
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}incr hdrlen_ $incrreturn $baseFrom
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Chapter 13Error ModelThis chapter d
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SimpleLink::errormodule argsSimulat
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This is a simple example of how to
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Higher LayersNode 1Node 2. . .Node
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};void recv(Packet* p, Handler*);vi
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and the frame type. It then passes
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$ll_ set delay_ $delay$ll_ set band
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14.10 Commands at a glanceThe follo
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15.2.1 Default Hierarchical Setting
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Chapter 16Mobile Networking in nsTh
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entry_addrdemuxIP addressdefaulttar
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16.1.2 Creating Node movementsThe m
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set netif $netif_($t)set mac $mac_(
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the hardware address of a packet’
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destined to itself to the port dmux
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switch(ch->ptype()) {case PT_MAC:br
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16.1.7 Revised format for wireless
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Packet info at "Application level"
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The main problem facing the wired-c
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target_target_encapsulatorreg_agent
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why: This avoids header clashes bet
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This command is used to create a Go
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Chapter 17Satellite Networking in n
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in counter-rotating planes (where t
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• Position/Sat/Geo A geostationar
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$ns add-isl $ltype $node1 $node2 $b
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$satrouteobject_ compute_routeswher
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This will add an error model to the
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lh_firstnameobj‘‘name’’ is
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from routing agentto Node->entrySat
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$satnode add-isl This method c
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set prop [new Propagation/FreeSpace
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18.3.2 Using shadowing modelBefore
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Chapter 19Energy Model in nsEnergy
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Chapter 20Directed DiffusionThe dir
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However if we have a large and dens
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yr application in the ns context. T
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value of opt(pre-stop) is usually t
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21.2 Implementation of XCP in NSIn
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the persistent queue length in the
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Thruput2 0.054024 60000residue_pos_
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Chapter 22DelayBox: Per-Flow Delay
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$ns attach-agent $n_sink $sink# mak
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Chapter 23Changes made to the IEEE
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Part IIISupport214
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endenddocument pargvcPrint out argc
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24.4.2 Memory Conservation TipsSome
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Chapter 25Mathematical SupportThe s
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set run [lindex $argv 0]}if {$run <
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}$sizeRNG next-substream# print the
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protected:RNG* rng_;};Classes deriv
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ns-random is implemented in ~ns/mis
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Chapter 26Trace and Monitoring Supp
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The monitor-queue function is const
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also used to accumulate packet drop
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}name,th->size(),flags,iph->flowid(
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PT_TORA,PT_DSR,PT_AODV,// insert ne
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The QueueMonitor class is not deriv
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$ns_ trace-all This is the command
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Chapter 27Test Suite SupportThe ns
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... ...}$ns_ at $opt(stop).1 "$self
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Example: To enable debugging in Que
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Chapter 29Unicast RoutingThis secti
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Asymmetric Routing Asymmetric routi
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class RouteLogic This class defines
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— The procedure init-all{} is a g
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Global Actions Once the detailed ac
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This dumps next hop information in
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$ns mrtproto ST;# specify shared tr
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Dense Mode The Dense Mode protocol
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and unique label (id). Thus, “inc
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add-iif{ifid link},add-oif{link if}
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CtrMcastComp is the centralised mul
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$ns_ mrtproto This command specifi
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Chapter 31Network DynamicsThis chap
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v 0.8123 link-up 3 5v 0.8123 link-u
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The first argument is the time at w
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$ns_ rtmodel This command defines
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$ns set-address-format hierarchical
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32.4 Hierarchical Routing with Sess
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Chapter 33UDP Agents33.1 UDP Agents
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Chapter 34TCP AgentsThis section de
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set ns [new Simulator]set node1 [$n
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34.2.1 The Base TCP SinkThe base TC
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Agent/TCP/FullTcp set dupseg_fix_ t
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34.5 Tracing TCP DynamicsThe behavi
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Chapter 35SCTP AgentsThis chapter d
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Figure 35.1: Example of a Multihome
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Note: the actual value of these tra
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1.526624 1 4 sctp 1500 -------D 0 1
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Page 311 and 312: 36.1.2 Other Configuration Paramete
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Page 317 and 318: 36.4 Loss Detection—The Class SRM
Page 319 and 320: same packet. The repair objet does
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Page 345 and 346: 39.1.4 Transmitting user data over
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Page 361 and 362: Chapter 40Worm ModelIn this chapter
Page 363 and 364: $w local-p 0.5Following are some co
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Page 367 and 368: HTTP responsesclients servers Delay
Page 369 and 370: 41.5 Commands at a GlanceThe follow
Page 371 and 372: • HTTP response size (bytes)• s
Page 373 and 374: Chapter 42Session-level Packet Dist
Page 375 and 376: 42.1.2 Inserting a Loss ModuleWhen
Page 377 and 378: Delay and Loss Modules Each receive
Page 379 and 380: Chapter 43Asim: approximate analyti
Page 381 and 382: set n(1) [$ns node]set link(0:1) [$
Page 383 and 384: Part VIIIEmulation382
Page 385 and 386: When using the emulation mode, a sp
Page 387 and 388: set intf [$pf1 open readonly]puts "
Page 389 and 390: puts "install nets into taps..."$a0
Page 391 and 392: Chapter 45Nam45.1 IntroductionNam i
Page 393 and 394: • Button 6 (Chevron logo) - Close
Page 395 and 396: Second, when dealing with randomly
Page 397 and 398: dst_portaddr,seqno,flags,sname);A n
Page 399 and 400: • up• down• right• left•
Page 401 and 402: 46.1.7 Agent TracingAgent trace eve
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E :D :P :a :session enqueue-t time
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v :V :N :W :g :A :c :q :execute tcl
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$ns duplex-link-op orient right$ns
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Chapter 47Educational use of NS and
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Bibliography[1] C. Alaettinoğlu, A
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