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$delaybox list-flowsList all flows in the flow table$delaybox set-asymmetricSpecifies that the delay should be only on the data path rather than applied to both the data and ACK paths$delaybox set-delay-file Output delays for each flow to filename. Format: srcNode dstNode fid delay$delaybox close-delay-fileCloses the file where delays are written$delaybox set-debug Set the debugging level• 1: Output when packets are dropped at DelayBox• 2: Level 1 +Contents of the queue at each queue operation211
Chapter 23Changes made to the IEEE 802.15.4Implementation in NS-2.31In the following, changes made to the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN module in as of ns release 2.31 are described along with thereasons for the modifications and a list of files affected. This file was authored by Iyappan Ramachandran.23.1 Radio shutdownAbility to put a WPAN node to sleep has been added in this release.1. A macro called SHUTDOWN has been defined in ./wpan/p802_15_4def.h that provides the capability to shut a nodedown when it does not have any packet to transmit. Currently, there is no provision to enable/disable radio shutdownfrom the tcl interface directly, but an indirect way exists (see point 4).2. Two functions Phy802_15_4::wakeupNode() and Phy802_15_4::putNodeToSleep() have been added that can be calledto shutdown and wake up the radio. These functions primarily serve to decrement the correct amount of energy consumedin sleep state.File affected: ./wpan/p802_15_4phy.cc, ./wpan/p802_15_4phy.h3. A new timer called macWakeupTimer has been added to serve as an alarm clock for the node to wake itself up (forbeacon reception, etc.) before it shuts down. The timer on expiry calls Phy802_15_4::wakeupNode().Files changed: ./wpan/p802_15_4mac.cc, ./wpan/p802_15_4mac.h,./wpan/p802_15_4timer.cc,./wpan/p802_15_4timer.h,./wpan/p802_15_4csmaca.h4. Variables P_sleep_ (sleep state power consumption), P_transition_ (power consumption in sleep-wakeup transition)and T_transition_ (time taken for sleep-wakeup transition) already exist in mac/wireless-phy.h. T_transition_ was notinitialized earlier and now has been. In addition, a new vew variable named T_sleep_ has been added to wireless-phyto indicate the time at which radio shutdown is to be enabled. This can be set from the tcl interface using the variablename sleepTime (see ./tcl/ex/wpan_demo_sleep.tcl). Thus, it is possible to keep the SHUTDOWN macro #defined, butset sleepTime to a very large value to keep radio shutdown disabled throughout the simulations. This provides a meansto turn on/off radio shutdown from the tcl interface.Files affected: mac/wireless-phy.h212
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18 Radio Propagation Models 17718.1
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30 Multicast Routing 25130.1 Multic
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38.2.5 An example . . . . . . . . .
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X Other 40347 Educational use of NS
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# so, we lied. now, we define the t
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Chapter 2Undocumented FacilitiesNs
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Part IInterface to the Interpreter1
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• if you can do what you want by
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• tcl.result(const char* s)Pass t
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By convention in ns, the class Agen
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$object set bwvar 1500kb$object set
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For a C++ variable to be traceable,
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3.5 Class TclClassThis compiled cla
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class Packet {......static int hdrl
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The actual arguments passed by the
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class TclClass (Section 3.5) define
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Chapter 4The Class SimulatorThe ove
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4.2.2 the heap schedulerThe heap sc
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4.4 Commands at a glanceSynopsis:ns
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$ns_ dumpqCommand for dumping event
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NODEPortClassifierAgentAgentAddrCla
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The Node instance variable, entry_,
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The default values for all the abov
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The classify() method is pure virtu
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};The class imposes no direct seman
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flow-specific queuing disciplines a
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5.5 Routing Module and Classifier O
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Module NameRtModule/BaseRtModule/Mc
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$node neighborsThis returns the lis
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Linkhead_enqT_queue_ deqT_ link_ tt
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6.2 ConnectorsConnectors, unlink cl
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$ns_ link-lossmodel This function
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Chapter 7Queue Management and Packe
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}}}void Queue::resume(){Packet* p =
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7.3 Different types of Queue object
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maxidle_ is the maximum amount of t
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dst_ The destination address of pac
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7.5.2 ConfigurationRunning a JoBS s
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mean_pkt_size_ Used to set the expe
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Demarker objects$q trace-file This
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The recv() method overrides the bas
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9.2 ImplementationThe procedures an
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Average sending rateTSW window leng
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The following command adds an entry
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$qCE configQ 0 1 10 20 0.10Note tha
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Chapter 10AgentsAgents represent en
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CtrMcast/EncapCtrMcast/DecapMessage
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}bind("windowOption_", &wnd_option_
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hdr_flags* nf = (hdr_flags*)npkt->a
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public:ECHO_Timer(ECHO_Agent *a) :
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10.6.4 Using the agent through OTcl
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State Variables are:dupacks_ Number
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$agent attach-tbf Attaches a token
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(void)Scheduler::instance().schedul
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* outstanding, cancel it.*/void Tcp
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Chapter 12Packet Headers and Format
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method is now obsolete; its usage i
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Packethdrsize_next_bits()points to
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the system’s memory allocator. In
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}incr hdrlen_ $incrreturn $baseFrom
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Chapter 13Error ModelThis chapter d
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SimpleLink::errormodule argsSimulat
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This is a simple example of how to
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Higher LayersNode 1Node 2. . .Node
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};void recv(Packet* p, Handler*);vi
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and the frame type. It then passes
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$ll_ set delay_ $delay$ll_ set band
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14.10 Commands at a glanceThe follo
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15.2.1 Default Hierarchical Setting
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Chapter 16Mobile Networking in nsTh
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entry_addrdemuxIP addressdefaulttar
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16.1.2 Creating Node movementsThe m
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set netif $netif_($t)set mac $mac_(
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the hardware address of a packet’
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destined to itself to the port dmux
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switch(ch->ptype()) {case PT_MAC:br
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16.1.7 Revised format for wireless
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Page 163 and 164: The main problem facing the wired-c
Page 165 and 166: target_target_encapsulatorreg_agent
Page 167 and 168: why: This avoids header clashes bet
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Page 171 and 172: Chapter 17Satellite Networking in n
Page 173 and 174: in counter-rotating planes (where t
Page 175 and 176: • Position/Sat/Geo A geostationar
Page 177 and 178: $ns add-isl $ltype $node1 $node2 $b
Page 179 and 180: $satrouteobject_ compute_routeswher
Page 181 and 182: This will add an error model to the
Page 183 and 184: lh_firstnameobj‘‘name’’ is
Page 185 and 186: from routing agentto Node->entrySat
Page 187 and 188: $satnode add-isl This method c
Page 189 and 190: set prop [new Propagation/FreeSpace
Page 191 and 192: 18.3.2 Using shadowing modelBefore
Page 193 and 194: Chapter 19Energy Model in nsEnergy
Page 195 and 196: Chapter 20Directed DiffusionThe dir
Page 197 and 198: However if we have a large and dens
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Page 201 and 202: value of opt(pre-stop) is usually t
Page 203 and 204: 21.2 Implementation of XCP in NSIn
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Page 207 and 208: Thruput2 0.054024 60000residue_pos_
Page 209 and 210: Chapter 22DelayBox: Per-Flow Delay
Page 211: $ns attach-agent $n_sink $sink# mak
Page 215 and 216: Part IIISupport214
Page 217 and 218: endenddocument pargvcPrint out argc
Page 219 and 220: 24.4.2 Memory Conservation TipsSome
Page 221 and 222: Chapter 25Mathematical SupportThe s
Page 223 and 224: set run [lindex $argv 0]}if {$run <
Page 225 and 226: }$sizeRNG next-substream# print the
Page 227 and 228: protected:RNG* rng_;};Classes deriv
Page 229 and 230: ns-random is implemented in ~ns/mis
Page 231 and 232: Chapter 26Trace and Monitoring Supp
Page 233 and 234: The monitor-queue function is const
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Page 239 and 240: PT_TORA,PT_DSR,PT_AODV,// insert ne
Page 241 and 242: The QueueMonitor class is not deriv
Page 243 and 244: $ns_ trace-all This is the command
Page 245 and 246: Chapter 27Test Suite SupportThe ns
Page 247 and 248: ... ...}$ns_ at $opt(stop).1 "$self
Page 249 and 250: Example: To enable debugging in Que
Page 251 and 252: Chapter 29Unicast RoutingThis secti
Page 253 and 254: Asymmetric Routing Asymmetric routi
Page 255 and 256: class RouteLogic This class defines
Page 257 and 258: — The procedure init-all{} is a g
Page 259 and 260: Global Actions Once the detailed ac
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$ns mrtproto ST;# specify shared tr
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Dense Mode The Dense Mode protocol
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and unique label (id). Thus, “inc
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add-iif{ifid link},add-oif{link if}
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CtrMcastComp is the centralised mul
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$ns_ mrtproto This command specifi
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Chapter 31Network DynamicsThis chap
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v 0.8123 link-up 3 5v 0.8123 link-u
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The first argument is the time at w
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$ns_ rtmodel This command defines
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$ns set-address-format hierarchical
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32.4 Hierarchical Routing with Sess
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Chapter 33UDP Agents33.1 UDP Agents
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Chapter 34TCP AgentsThis section de
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set ns [new Simulator]set node1 [$n
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34.2.1 The Base TCP SinkThe base TC
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Agent/TCP/FullTcp set dupseg_fix_ t
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34.5 Tracing TCP DynamicsThe behavi
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Chapter 35SCTP AgentsThis chapter d
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Figure 35.1: Example of a Multihome
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Note: the actual value of these tra
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1.526624 1 4 sctp 1500 -------D 0 1
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$ns at 5.0 "finish"$ns run35.5.2 Mu
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Chapter 36Agent/SRMThis chapter des
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36.1.2 Other Configuration Paramete
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3.6274 n 0 m r 1 type repair servi
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3.6029 n 3 m r 2 Q NTIMER at 3.730
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36.4 Loss Detection—The Class SRM
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same packet. The repair objet does
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}hdr_asrm* seh = (hdr_asrm*) p->acc
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set grp [Node allocaddr]$srm set ds
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#set up the multicast routingDM set
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37.3 Architecture of the PLM Protoc
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We add in void PLMLossMonitor::recv
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Part VIApplication330
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Traffic generatorsApplication/Traff
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• recv(int nbytes)—Announces th
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1. EXPOO_Traffic—generates traffi
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set src [new Agent/UDP]set sink [ne
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Application FTP FTP objects produce
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send_data(ADU)Application(HttpApp,
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39.1.4 Transmitting user data over
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and teardown of connections. Only O
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TclObjectPagePoolPagePool/CompMathP
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PagePool/ProxyTrace takes these two
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}int id_; // object IDWebTrafSessio
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An Http/Server object waits for inc
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set tmp [new RandomVariable/Exponen
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Object Type Event Type Explaination
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Chapter 40Worm ModelIn this chapter
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$w local-p 0.5Following are some co
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(nsnode) clientcloudPackM ime(nsnod
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HTTP responsesclients servers Delay
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41.5 Commands at a GlanceThe follow
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• HTTP response size (bytes)• s
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Chapter 42Session-level Packet Dist
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42.1.2 Inserting a Loss ModuleWhen
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Delay and Loss Modules Each receive
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Chapter 43Asim: approximate analyti
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set n(1) [$ns node]set link(0:1) [$
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Part VIIIEmulation382
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When using the emulation mode, a sp
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set intf [$pf1 open readonly]puts "
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puts "install nets into taps..."$a0
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Chapter 45Nam45.1 IntroductionNam i
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• Button 6 (Chevron logo) - Close
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Second, when dealing with randomly
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dst_portaddr,seqno,flags,sname);A n
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• up• down• right• left•
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46.1.7 Agent TracingAgent trace eve
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v -t 1.0 -e node_tclscript 2 "Echo
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If nam ever gets to the end of an e
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l :link-t time-s source id-d des
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E :D :P :a :session enqueue-t time
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v :V :N :W :g :A :c :q :execute tcl
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$ns duplex-link-op orient right$ns
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Chapter 47Educational use of NS and
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Bibliography[1] C. Alaettinoğlu, A
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