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Animal Care Studies - Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond7.6.2 FurnishingsThe floor of the box/container can be covered but should not provide a slippery surface.Newspaper, shredded paper or similar may be useful but should not be detrimental to thehealth of the birds being transported. Water containers should be provided securely fixedin the box/container, with rounded edges and flanges to prevent spillage, and be made ofa non-toxic material. A single perch can be provided for very long trips, which shouldallow for a natural perching position. (CITES Secretariat 1979) (IATA 1998) (Sindel andGill 2003) (Vogelnest 1994)7.6.3 Water and FoodWater must be provided if a bird is to be transported for a long period of time,particularly in hot weather. Generally adequate water and food should be provided for theduration of a trip with a 100% safety margin. Seed can be scattered over the floor of abox/container and a slice of fruit may also be included as an extra source of moisture,however, state/country laws should be checked relating to fruit being transported acrossborders. (IATA 1998) (Sindel and Gill 2003) (Vogelnest 1994)7.6.4 Birds per Box/ContainerP. swainsonii is not normally an aggressive species, however, when placed under thepressure and stress of close confinement they may become violent. Therefore P.swainsonii should be transported as individuals in separate compartments. (Sindel andGill 2003)7.6.5 Timing of TransportationThe journey time for transportation should be kept to a minimum. All arrangements forthe trip must be finalised before the bird/s leaves, to avoid delays. The recipient must benotified well in advance of the travel arrangements and expected arrival time. Generallyovernight transportation is preferred as this is a cooler time of the day and the darknesswill help to reduce stress. (Sindel and Gill 2003) (Vogelnest 1994)7.6.6 Release from Box/ContainerThe destination arrival should be timed for the early morning to enable the bird/s to bereleased into an enclosure or holding facility and have time to settle and become familiarwith their surroundings. (Sindel and Gill 2003) (Vogelnest 1994)Keith Naylor 28/3/2005 Version 3 50
Animal Care Studies - Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond8 Health Requirements8.1 Daily Health ChecksEach individual bird should be accounted for and visually checked for any healthproblems either as a first routine task every morning or during the daily cleaning andfeeding routine. Any suspect bird should be immediately caught and held in isolation forveterinary inspection and treatment. If it is considered that the capture of a suspect birdwould cause more distress to the bird, a veterinarian should be requested to come to theenclosure to take charge of the situation. There should be routine veterinary inspectionsof all birds, enclosures and related facilities to ensure that the health and well being of thebirds is maintained. (Macwhirter 1987) (NSW Government 1993)8.2 Detailed Physical Examination8.2.1 Chemical RestraintModern anaesthetic agents have made avian anaesthesia and sedation much simpler andsafer. However, in order to maximise the chances of a successful outcome the followingpre-anaesthetic conditions should be followed:a) Two to three hours pre-anaesthetic fasting is recommended for birds such as P.swainsonii.b) Critcally ill birds must be stabilised before anaesthesia by providing fluids andwarmth.c) Anaesthetic time must be kept to a minimum. No bird should be keptanaesthetised for longer than 30 minutes.d) If the procedure is anticipated to take longer than 10-15 minutes, warmth shouldbe provided to keep the ambient temperature above 20°C.e) Prior preparation and planning of the proposed procedure is essential.f) Anaesthetic monitoring during the procedure must be conducted by a veterinarianor an experienced veterinary nurse.There are two types of anaesthetics injectable or via inhalation. A number of injectableanaesthetics are available, but inhalation anaesthetics have distinct advantages. They areeasier to administer, induction and recovery are usually smooth and rapid, anaestheticmonitoring is simpler, and the depth of anaesthesia can be changed easily. Injectableanaesthetics are however useful, but mainly for birds larger than P. swainsonii. Halothaneand isoflurane are the two main inhalation anaesthetics that are generally administered tobirds by face mask, catheter or endotracheal tubing. (Vogelnest 1994)Keith Naylor 28/3/2005 Version 3 51
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