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Animal Care Studies - Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, RichmondNearly all disinfectants are inactivated when an in<strong>org</strong>anic material is present i.e. feathers,faeces, waste food. Therefore all surfaces should be visibly clean before applying anydisinfectant solution. Putting disinfectant on any <strong>org</strong>anic materials means that the cost,time and effort has been wasted. Any disinfectant solution must be in contact with thearea being disinfected for 15 to 30 minutes to be effective. Once this time has passed, thearea must be thoroughly rinsed to remove any disinfectant residue that may harm birds.Care should be exercised if using disinfectants around nestlings and young birds as fumesfrom the disinfectants may affect them. Occupational health and safety procedures mustbe followed at all times. All disinfectants should be stored safely in a secure holding area,sealed in its original container and away from birds and food preparation areas.A simple disinfection protocol for food and water containers is to soak the items for 30minutes in a quaternary ammonium compound product or similar. Then place in adishwasher on the hot water cycle, rinse thoroughly and dry. Store in a closed verminproof area until used.Hands should be cleaned in a disinfectant solution prior to and after; handling any birds,especially handrearing or sick birds, food preparation and cleaning out enclosures. Scrubhands in an idophor or chlorhexidine wash for at least five minutes, as most handdisinfectants need 5 – 10 minutes of contact to be effective.Figure 23. Hibiclens, Avisafe and Halamid are considered to be useful disinfectants.Any disinfectant or cleaning agent that contains the active ingredients of phenols,formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde are useful but can be dangerous to birds and humans.The following disinfectants are considered to be safe and effective to use around birdsand humans when the manufacturers instructions are followed:• Chlorhexidine as Aviclens, Hibiclens, Hibitane, Nolvosan.• Quaternary ammonium compound as Sanodet.• Chlorine as a bleach.• Chloramine as Halamid, Halasept.• Tertiary amines as Avi-Safe.• Iodophor as Sanodine, Betadine, Iovone.• Alcohols as methylated spirits, isopropyl alcohol.(Cannon 1996) (Macwhirter 1987) (Sindel and Gill 2003)Keith Naylor 28/3/2005 Version 3 39