Download Complete Issue (3090kb) - Academic Journals

determine the nature of these conditions.
Conclusıon
A low serum concentration of at least one
antituberculosis drug was found in about all of the
patients included in this study. Several risk factors of drug
concentration variation were also identified. It is clear
that, therapeutic drug monitoring is necessary to optimise
drug doses in tuberculosis treatment.
REFERENCES
Blumberg HM, Burman WJ, Chaisson RE, Daley CL, Etkind SC,
Friedman LN (2003) American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention/ Infectious Diseases Society of America:
treatment of tuberculosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 167: 603-
62.
Chang KC, Leung CC, Yew WW, Kam KM, Yip CW, Ma CH, (2008).
Peak plasma rifampicin level in tuberculosis patients with slow culture
conversion. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 27: 467-72.
Cockroft DW, Gault MH (1976). Prediction of creatinine clearance from
serum creatinine. Nephron, 16:31-41.
Diacon AH, Patientia R, Venter A, van Helden PD, Smith PJ, McIlleron
H (2007). Early bactericidal activity of high-dose rifampin in patients
with pulmonary tuberculosis evidenced by positive sputum smears.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 51: 2994-6.
Fahimi F, Kobarfard F, Tabarsi P, Hemmati S, Salamzadeh J, Baniasadi
S (2011). Isoniazid blood levels in patients with pulmonary
tuberculosis at a tuberculosis referral center. Chemotherapy, 57: 7-
11.
Heysell SK, Moore JL, Keller SJ, Houpt ER (2010). Therapeutic drug
monitoring for slow response to tuberculosis treatment in a state
control program, Virginia, USA. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 16: 1546-53.
Holdiness MR (1984). Clinical pharmacokinetics of the antituberculosis
drugs. Clin. Pharmacokinet., 9: 511-514.
Holland DP, Hamilton CD, Weintrob AC, Engemann JJ, Fortenberry ER,
Peloquin CA, Stout JE (2009). Therapeutic drug monitoring of
antimycobacterial drugs in patients with both tuberculosis and
advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Pharmacotherapy, 29: 503-510.
Jeon CY, Murray MB (2008). Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of
active tuberculosis: a systematic review of 13 observational studies.
PLoS Med., 5: e152.
Kayhan and Akgüneş 2041
Kimerling ME, Phillips P, Patterson P, Hall M, Robinson CA, Dunlap NE
(1998). Low serum antimycobacterial drug levels in non-HIV-infected
tuberculosis patients. Chest, 113: 1178-1183.
Mcllleron H, Wash P, Burger A, Norman J, Folb PI, Smith P (2006).
Determinants of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
pharmacokinetics in a cohort of tuberculosis patients. Antimicrob.
Agents Chemother., 50: 1170-1177.
Mehta JB, Shantaveerapa H, Byrd RPJ, Morton SE, Fountain F, Roy
TM (2001). Utility of rifampin blood levels in the treatment and followup
of active pulmonary tuberculosis in patients who were slow to
respond to routine directly observed therapy. Chest, 120: 1520-1524.
Moussa LA, Khassouani CE, Soulaymani R, Jana M, Cassanas G, Alric
R, Hue B (2002). Therapeutic isoniazid monitoring using a simple
high performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet
detection. J. Chromatogr. B. Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 766:
181-187.
Narita M, Hisada M, Thimmappa B, Stambaugh J, Ibrahim E, Hollender
E, Ashkin D (2001). Tuberculosis recurrence: multivariate analysis of
serum levels of tuberculosis drugs, HIV status, and other risk factors.
Clin. Infect. Dis., 32: 515-517.
Peloquin CA (2002). Theapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of
tuberculosis. Drugs, 62: 2169-2183.
Peloquin CA, MacPhee AA, Berning SE (1993). Malabsorption of
antimycobacterial medications. N. Eng. J. Med., 329: 1122-1123.
Peloquin CA, Nitta AT, Burman WJ, Brudney KF, Miranda-Massari JR,
McGuinness ME (1996). Low antituberculosis drug concentrations in
patients with AIDS. Ann. Pharmacother, 30: 919-25.
Sirgel FA, Fourie PB, Donald PR, Padayatchi N, Rostomjee R, Levin J
(2005). The early bactericidal activities of rifampin and rifapentine in
pulmonary tuberculosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 172: 128-35.
Tappero JW, Bradford WZ, AgertonTB, Hopewell P, Reingold AL,
Lockman S, Oyewo A, Talbot EA, Kenyon TA, Moeti TL, MoffatHJ,
Peloquin CA (2005). Serum concentrations of antimycobacterial
drugs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Botswana. Clin.
Infect. Dis., 41: 461-469.
Um SW, Lee SW, Kwon SY, Yoon HI, Park KU, Song J, Lee CT, Lee JH
(2007). Low serum concentrations of antituberculosis drugs and
determinants of their serum levels. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis., 11: 972-
978.
WHO (2010). global report on surveillance and response. Geneva,
World Health Organization, 2010 (WHO/HTM/TB/2010-3).