Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Executive SummaryConversion process typeDaily averagesConversion rate x SO 2 in mg/Nm 3 xxExistingSulphur burning, double99.8 – 99.92 % 30 – 680installationscontact/double absorptionNew installations 99.9 – 99.92 % 30 – 340Other double contact/doubleabsorption plants99.7 – 99.92 % 200 – 680Single contact/single absorption 100 – 450Other 15 – 170x These conversion rates relate to the conversion including the absorption tower, they do not include the effect oftail gas scrubbingxx These levels might include the effect of tail gas scrubbingTable V: Conversion rates and SO 2 emission levels associated with BAT for production of H 2 SO 4Emission level as H 2 SO 4All processes 10 – 35 mg/Nm 3Yearly averagesTable VI: SO 3 /H 2 SO 4 emission levels associated with BAT for production of H 2 SO 4Fuel for kiln heatingGJ/tonne HFRemark4 – 6.8 Existing installations4 – 5New installations, production ofanhydrous HF4.5 – 6New installations, production ofanhydrous HF and HF solutionsTable VII: Achievable consumption levels associated with BAT for the production of HFkg/tonne HF mg/Nm 3 RemarkSO 2 0.001 – 0.01Yearly averagesFluorides as HF 0.6 – 5Table VIII: Achievable emission levels associated with BAT for the production of HFParameterLevelmg/Nm 3Phosphate rock digestion, sand washing, NO x as NO 2 100 – 425CNTH filtration Fluoride as HF 0.3 – 5Removalefficiency in %NH 35 – 30 xNeutralisation, granulation, drying, coating,coolingFluoride as HF1 – 5 xxDust 10 – 25 >80HCl 4 – 23x The lower part of the range is achieved with nitric acid as scrubbing medium, the upper part of the range isachieved with other acids as scrubbing medium. Depending on the actual NPK grade produced (e.g. DAP), evenby applying multistage scrubbing, higher emission levels might be expectedxx in the case of DAP production with multistage scrubbing with H 3 PO 4 , levels of up to 10 mg/Nm 3might be expectedTable IX: Emission levels to air associated with the application of BAT for the production of NPKLarge Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisersvii