Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 22.2.4 Partial oxidationThe partial oxidation process is used for the gasification of heavy feedstocks such as residualoils and coal. Figure 2.3 gives an overview of the process steps. The process is very flexible andcan handle the full range of hydrocarbon feedstock, from natural gas up to the heaviest asphaltincluding waste materials such as plastics. Ammonia plants which incinerate waste requirecompliance with the waste incineration Directive 76/2000/EC and the emissions of dioxins maybe a concern.Air, powerHeavy oilAirseparationunitO 2GasificationHeatN 2Soot removal/recoverySlagSulphur removal/recoverySulphurH 2 OShift conversionHeatHeat,powerCO 2 removalCondensate, CO 2Liquid N 2 washFuel gasPowerCompressionPowerNH 3 synthesisHeat, flash gasFuelNH 3Auxiliary boilerFlue-gasFigure 2.3: NH 3 production by partial oxidation[1, EFMA, 2000]2.2.4.1 Air separation plantThe air separation plant produces the oxygen required for the partial oxidation step. This unitalso supplies pure nitrogen for the stoichiometric demand in the ammonia synthesis reaction andfor the liquid nitrogen wash applied for the final purification of the synthesis gas.44 Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers