Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 9Cross-media effectsNone believed to be likely.Operational dataNo specific information provided.ApplicabilityGenerally applicable.EconomicsNo specific information provided, but cost benefits can be assumed.Driving force for implementationCost benefits.References to literature and example plants[9, Austrian UBA, 2002, 52, infoMil, 2001, 148, EFMA, 2000], [140, Peudpièce, 2006]Grande Paroisse,Mazingarbe:DSM Geleen:DSM IJmuiden:KemiraRozenburg:Yara Sluiskil:AB ACHEMASee Table 9.9The “dirty” steam is cleaned by means of a venturi scrubber and a candlefilter and is used to vaporise and heat ammonia to 90 ºC. Used steam iscondensed (25 m 3 /hour condensate): 20 – 25 % is recycled as scrubberwater, the remainder is sent to the plant waste water treatment.The “dirty” 2 bar steam is used to vaporise and heat ammonia, to heat nitricacid and to produce 1.5 bar “clean” steam. The remainder of the “dirty”steam is condensed and partly re-used, the rest is emitted to the surfacewater. Water vapour from the concentration section is condensed, cleanedby scrubbing with a circulating sour AN solution and emitted to the surfacewater.The “dirty” steam is condensed and collected with the condensate from theevaporation section. Half of this water is re-used as absorption water in thenitric acid plant, while 3 % is re-used as dilution water in the UAN plant.The remainder is emitted to the surface water.The “dirty” steam is condensed and collected by means of closed sewagesystem in a basin. All water from the basin is re-used as scrubber water, asprocess water in the urea plant or the nitric acid plant and/or isdemineralised before re-use.The company uses ion-exchange to treat process condensates. Theregenerate, containing up to 180 g/litre AN and up to 70 g/l HNO 3 , is usedin the HNO 3 plant.Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers 381