Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 8Other approaches to process water treatment include:• distillation and hydrolysis [52, infoMil, 2001]• stripping and hydrolysis [52, infoMil, 2001]• CO 2 /NH 3 removal (distillation, stripping) and subsequent biological waste water treatment[52, infoMil, 2001, 121, German UBA, 2001].Achieved environmental benefits• lower water consumption, if re-use of treated process water is possible• lower emission levels to water (for achievable levels, see Table 8.9)• recycling of NH 3 and CO 2 to the process.Cross-media effects• energy consumption.Operational dataSee description.ApplicabilityGenerally applicable. The combination with biological treatment is only applicable if therequired C-source and neutralisation equivalents are available, e.g. in the case of joint treatmentin a municipal waste water treatment plant [52, infoMil, 2001].EconomicsNo specific information provided.Driving force for implementationEnvironmental benefits.References to literature and example plants[52, infoMil, 2001, 121, German UBA, 2001, 125, Stamicarbon, 2003, 126, Snamprogetti,1999, 127, Toyo, 2006]• [125, Stamicarbon, 2003] references 36 plants using countercurrent hydrolysation• all urea plants in the Netherlands treat their process water and partially re-use the treatedwater• Sichuan Chemical Works Ltd retrofitted a hydrolisation/desorption system• SKW Piesteritz applies CO 2 /NH 3 removal and biological waste water treatment• BASF applies stripping and re-uses the treated water for the cooling tower.358 Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers