Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 8Achieved environmental benefitsReduced emissions to air. For achievable levels, see Table 8.18.Cross-media effects• water consumption• recycling of more water to the urea synthesis section might negatively effect the conversionrate per pass, in consequence, energy consumption in subsequent decomposition andrecompression might increase. This is relevant especially in conventional total recyclingplants [121, German UBA, 2001]• additional electrical power consumption.Operational dataSee description.ApplicabilityGenerally applicable.The formation of urea nitrate has to be considered as a safety issue when using HNO 3 as ascrubbing medium [154, TWG on LVIC-AAF, 2006].Available space or structural foundation limitations may inhibit the installation of a scrubbingfacility of sufficient capacity on top of a urea prilling tower. A scrubber at ground level isusually excessively expensive.EconomicsEconomics for the installation of a scrubbing system for prilling in 1994 [9, Austrian UBA,2002]:• investment: EUR 2900000 (on top of the prilling tower)• total operating cost: EUR 110000 per year.Driving force for implementationReduced emission levels.References to literature and example plants[9, Austrian UBA, 2002, 52, infoMil, 2001, 121, German UBA, 2001, 127, Toyo, 2006, 129,Stamicarbon, 2006]BASF, Ludwigshafen; SKW Piesteritz, AMI, Linz356 Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers