12.07.2015 Views

Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS
  • No tags were found...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Chapter 11.2.3 Supply of steam and electricityThe nitrogenous fertiliser plant is especially a major consumer of energy for meeting variousheating requirements and mechanical energy for driving different equipment, such ascompressors, pumps and fans. Often, the bigger equipment is driven by steam turbines and thesmaller one by electrical motors.Electrical power is taken from the public grid or generated on-site.The steam is supplied by boiler plants, cogeneration plants or is produced in waste heat boilersusing energy from ammonia, nitric acid or sulphuric acid production.For detailed information on generation of steam and electrical power, see [10, EuropeanCommission, 2005].1.2.3.1 Steam turbines and steam gridFigure 1.5 shows an example for a steam system (or steam grid) on a fertiliser plant. The steamextracted from the turbines is used to provide process steam at required pressures. Majorexamples for steam turbine driven equipment are:• the synthesis gas compressor of the ammonia plant• refrigeration compressors• the CO 2 compressor of the urea plant• the air compressors of the sulphur burner in sulphuric acid plants.Condensing turbines (in Figure 1.5 marked with a cross) are used to balance the load on thedifferent steam headers. Reduction of pressure without generating power is generally avoided,however, to take care of power/steam mismatches, startup conditions and emergencies, a systemfor pressure reduction and de-superheating (“PRDS valve”) is installed.107.9 bar / 510 ºC= steam turbine43.7 bar / 381 ºC to consumers or exportXX7.9 bar to consumers3.4 bar to consumersXTurbine condensateFigure 1.5: Example for a steam system (or steam grid) on a fertiliser plantIn this example, 360 tonnes/hour steam are provided by the ammonia plant.The figure is based on [163, Haldor Topsoe, 2001]10 <strong>Large</strong> <strong>Volume</strong> <strong>Inorganic</strong> <strong>Chemicals</strong> – <strong>Ammonia</strong>, Acids and Fertilisers

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!