Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 88 UREA AND UAN8.1 General informationThe take up in use of urea as a fertiliser at first was rather slow but it has since become the mostused solid nitrogen fertiliser in the world, mainly because of its use for flooded rice. The biggestdemand for urea is now in Asia. Urea is also used as a raw material for the manufacture ofmelamine and for various urea/formaldehyde resins/adhesives and as a cattle feed supplement,where it is an inexpensive source of nitrogen for the build-up of protein. Another application ofurea is the DeNO x treatment of waste gases (SCR and SNCR). The annual global production hasincreased by approximately 30 Mtonnes in the last 10 years. Current world output amounts tomore than 100 Mtonnes/year. 16 urea plants were in operation in Western Europe in the year2000. The total capacity was 5.141 Mtonnes in 1999/2000. New urea installations vary in sizeof up to 3500 tonnes/day and are typically 2000 tonnes/day units.Urea ammonium sulphate compounds are produced in some facilities by adding ammoniumsulphate to the urea melt before granulation.Urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)UAN solutions typically contain 28 to 32 % N but other customised concentrations (includingadditional nutrients) are produced. Plant capacities for the production of UAN solutions rangebetween 200 and 2000 tonnes/day. Most of the large scale production units are located withinintegrated plants where either urea or ammonium nitrate or both are produced. WesternEuropean consumption of UAN in 1998/99 was 3.72 Mtonnes of solution, 41 % of which wasimported.Country Company LocationYear Capacitystartup in kt/yCommentAustria Agrolinz Linz 1977 380 Captive useCzech Republic Chemopetrol Litvinov 1973 204Estonia Nitrofert Kothla Jarve1968 901969 90FranceGrande Paroisse Oissel 1969 120Yara Le Havre 1970 300BASF Ludwigshafen 1968 545 Captive useGermany SKWPiesteritz1974Three plants after1975 1221revamp 20041976Yara Brunsbüttel 1979 530Hungary Nitrogenmuvek Petfuerdoe 1975 198Italy Yara Ferrara 1977 500Lithuania Achema Jonava 1970 445 Status unknownNetherlandsCaptive useDSM Geleen 1998 525melamine1971 425YaraSluiskil1979 325Zaklady Azotowe ZAK Kedzierzyn 1957 167Poland Zaklady Azotowe ZAP Pulawy1998 5611998 214Zaklady Chemiczne Police 1986 400Portugal Adubos Lavradio 1963 80Slovakia Duslo Sala Nad Vahom 1973 204SpainFertiberiaPalos 1976 250 Revamped 1988Puertollano 1970 135Table 8.1: Urea production plants in the European Union as of July 2006[154, TWG on LVIC-AAF, 2006]Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers 323