Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 7– the product drops slowly through the unit with no measurable creation of dust or productdegradation. [52, infoMil, 2001] describes the technique for urea, but names example plants alsofor other fertilisers.Plate bank coolers have been used to cool the full range of fertilisers: urea granules and prills,ammonium nitrate and CAN, NPKs, MAP, DAP, TSP, ammonium sulphate [55, Piché and Eng,2005].Plate bank coolers may not be applicable for urea-based NPK fertilisers and AN/CAN fertilisersas the primary cooler. Plate bank coolers may not be applicable for SSP/TSP fertilisers [154,TWG on LVIC-AAF, 2006].EconomicsCost benefits in operation.Low installed cost – the total items required for a bulk flow cooler system are as follows [54,Snyder, 2003]:• plate coil cooler• cooling water pump• purge air package (blower and air drying)• internal cooling, e.g. small cooling tower package (may not be required)• an additional elevator system might be required [154, TWG on LVIC-AAF, 2006]• the total installed cost for a 100 tonnes per hour system is estimated to be approximatelyUSD 1400000 – 1800000. This is estimated to be slightly less than for a fluid bed coolersystem and considerably less than for a rotary cooler system, even without considering thecost of the scrubber system required by these types of coolers. The pricing comparison for abulk flow cooler becomes more pronounced at smaller sizes• low operating cost – a bulk flow cooler system uses considerably less electrical energy thana rotary or fluid bed cooler system. The net cost savings for using a plate coil cooler(compared to the other types) is in the range of USD 0.12 – 0.22 per tonne.The economic justification for this option increases significantly if cooler (and/or scrubber)repair, upgrade, or replacement is already needed. As noted earlier, in one case study where abulk flow cooler was used, the reduced airflow allowed an improvement in emissions that, inturn, eliminated the need for a scrubber upgrade.Where increased volumes of dried purge air have to be applied, higher costs can be expected[154, TWG on LVIC-AAF, 2006], see also under Cross-media effects.Driving force for implementationCost benefits.References to literature and example plants[52, infoMil, 2001, 54, Snyder, 2003], BASF Antwerp, AMI Linz, Yara, Porsgrunn, P.F.i.,Kavala306 Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers