Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

12.07.2015 Views

Table 8.13: Example for a conventional total recycling process ..............................................................337Table 8.14: Example for a total recycling CO 2 stripping process.............................................................339Table 8.15: Example for a total recycling NH 3 stripping process.............................................................341Table 8.16: Examples for revamping conventional plants with stripping technology..............................347Table 8.17: Studies on steam and electricity consumption for a revamp project......................................348Table 8.18: Overview of the treatment of exhaust gases from urea finishing...........................................355Table 8.19: Example of a set of key performance parameters for the production of urea ........................359Table 8.20: BAT levels for the treatment of process water from urea production....................................362Table 9.1: CAN production plants in the European Union as of July 2006..............................................363Table 9.2: AN/CAN production plants in the European Union as of July 2006.......................................364Table 9.3: Energy and cooling water consumption for the production of CAN/AN ................................370Table 9.4: Emissions to air from the production of CAN fertilisers .........................................................372Table 9.5: Waste water emission levels from the AN pressure neutralisation at AMI, Linz....................373Table 9.6: Emissions to water of DSM Geleen and Kemira Rozenburg for the production of AN-basedfertilisers.............................................................................................................................373Table 9.7: Parameters affecting the environmental performance of the neutralisation section ................374Table 9.8: Comparison of expected consumptions for new plants ...........................................................378Table 9.9: Example for a process steam purification and condensate treatment.......................................380Table 9.10: Overview of exhaust gas treatment in the example plants.....................................................383Table 10.1: Overview of superphosphates................................................................................................387Table 10.2: Overview of the European superphosphate plants as of July 2006........................................387Table 10.3: Consumption levels for the production of superphosphates ..................................................390Table 10.4: Comparison of some input requirements of direct and indirect granulation of TSP..............391Table 10.5: Emissions to air from the production of superphosphates .....................................................392Table 10.6: Example for emissions to water from the production of superphosphates with downstreamproduction of NP/NPK.......................................................................................................393Table 10.7: Emission levels to air associated with the application of BAT..............................................398Table 11.1: Timing of the work on the BREF LVIC-AAF.......................................................................399Table 11.2: Some recommendations for future data collection ................................................................400Table 14.1: Cost calculation for retrofitting H 2 SO 4 plants........................................................................418xxivLarge Volume Inorganic ChemicalsAmmonia, Acids and Fertilisers

ScopeSCOPEThis document on Large Volume Inorganic ChemicalsAmmonia, Acids and Fertilisers(LVIC-AAF) targets the following sections from Annex 1 to the IPPC Directive:4.2 (a) ammonia, hydrogen fluoride4.2 (b) hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, oleum4.3 phosphorus-, nitrogen- or potassium-based fertilisers (simple or compound fertilisers).Although the main use of ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid is thedownstream production of fertilisers, the scope of this document is not restricted to productionof fertiliser grade products.For clarification, it is stated that by addressing the items listed above, the scope of thisdocument includes:• the production of synthesis gas for the production of ammonia• the production of sulphuric acid based on SO 2 gases from various processes, e.g. SO 2 gasesfrom non-ferrous metals production or regeneration of spent acids.However, specific and in-depth information on the production of non-ferrous metals can befound in detail in the BREF on Non-ferrous Metals Industries [61, European Commission,2003].The scope of this document does not include the following:• reconcentration or purification of spent sulphuric acids• production of foodgrade phosphates.Large Volume Inorganic ChemicalsAmmonia, Acids and Fertilisersxxv

ScopeSCOPEThis document on <strong>Large</strong> <strong>Volume</strong> <strong>Inorganic</strong> <strong>Chemicals</strong> – <strong>Ammonia</strong>, Acids and Fertilisers(LVIC-AAF) targets the following sections from Annex 1 to the IPPC Directive:4.2 (a) ammonia, hydrogen fluoride4.2 (b) hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, oleum4.3 phosphorus-, nitrogen- or potassium-based fertilisers (simple or compound fertilisers).Although the main use of ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid is thedownstream production of fertilisers, the scope of this document is not restricted to productionof fertiliser grade products.For clarification, it is stated that by addressing the items listed above, the scope of thisdocument includes:• the production of synthesis gas for the production of ammonia• the production of sulphuric acid based on SO 2 gases from various processes, e.g. SO 2 gasesfrom non-ferrous metals production or regeneration of spent acids.However, specific and in-depth information on the production of non-ferrous metals can befound in detail in the BREF on Non-ferrous Metals Industries [61, European Commission,2003].The scope of this document does not include the following:• reconcentration or purification of spent sulphuric acids• production of foodgrade phosphates.<strong>Large</strong> <strong>Volume</strong> <strong>Inorganic</strong> <strong>Chemicals</strong> – <strong>Ammonia</strong>, Acids and Fertilisersxxv

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!