Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals - Ammonia ... - ammk-rks.net

Chapter 3Operational dataSee description.ApplicabilityGenerally applicable. Application in an existing plant will demand major adjustments, makingthe installation of an NSCR less feasible.EconomicsAccording to [87, infoMil, 2001], the price of an NSCR catalyst varies between USD 106000and 143000/m 3 (EUR 98000 – 131000/m 3 ). Technical and maintenance costs are excluded. Acatalyst volume of 1.20 m 3 is required to treat a flowrate of 48235 m 3 /hour. In the exampleplant, 290 m 3 natural gas/hour are necessary to reduce the NO x concentration from 2000 to 150ppm (from 4100 to 308 mg/m 3 ). The reduction of N 2 O is unknown, but will be considerable. Asa result, fuel operating costs are USD 29.0/hour (EUR 26.8/hour) or USD 1.95/tonne 100 %HNO 3 produced (EUR 1.80). Note that this only covers the catalyst and fuel costs. Installation,maintenance and depreciation are excluded. Some of the costs of the natural gas may be offsetby the increased power recovery. On the other hand, the high temperatures (T >800 ºC) reducethe lifetime of the catalyst to 3 – 5 years.Driving force for implementationReduction of NO x and N 2 O emissions.References to literature and example plants[80, Jenssen, 2004, 87, infoMil, 2001, 88, infoMil, 1999, 94, Austrian UBA, 2001]H/H plant of BASF, Antwerp.Kemira Agro Rozenburg (the Netherlands) used a NSCR as a De-NO x facility. The plant had acapacity of 400000 tonnes 100 % HNO 3 /year and operated at 9 bar (H/H). The plant wasdesigned to be combined with an NSCR, reducing the emission of N 2 O to 27 ppm (53 mg/m 3 ).Kemira Agro Rozenburg closed in December 2000 [87, infoMil, 2001]. The NSCR showed thefollowing characteristics:• NO x before abatement, 2000 ppm (4100 mg/m 3 )• NO x after abatement, 100 ppm (205 mg/m 3 )• fuel used, natural gas• emissions of CH 4 , 0.4 tonnes/year• emissions of CO, 0.7 tonnes/year• emissions of CO 2, 6216 tonnes/year• emissions of VOC (not methane), 0.3 tonnes/year.After the closure of Kemira Rozenburg, the NSCR equipment was reinstalled in Tertre, Belgium[33, VITO, 2005]:• NO x before abatement, 2000 ppm• NO x after abatement, 150 – 190 ppm• fuel used, natural gas.Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers 131