Myanmar - Global Tiger Initiative

Part 6: Historical Data, Field Survey Methods and Data Analysis6.8.7. Tiger density. (Karanth & Nichols 2000) estimated tiger density for multiple sites inIndia. One of their study sites – Bhadra – is similar in topography and vegetation to northernMyanmar forests. Using information from single sided captures, tiger density was estimatedfor the Hukaung Valley, where captures of two individual tigers were made. Using a markrecaptureapproach (Karanth and Nichols 1998) and assuming a capture probability fortigers (0.788) and a sampling buffer (2km), densities were estimated for the tiger populationsat HTM, HKV and MMLK (Table 7).6.8.8. Occurrence of other large mammals. Large (>1 kg) herbivores were recorded from allsurvey sites (Appendix IX.). Common muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) was the most abundantspecies in camera-traps and was found at all sites. Wild cattle were recorded at all sitesexcept SRMT, PPDL, and MMLK. Banteng (Bos javanicus), a globally threatened specieswas found at 3 sites, AKNP, MHM and BGY. Sambar (Cervus unicolor) was present at allsites except SRMT, PPDL, and MB. Serow (Capricornis sumatraensis) was recorded at justfewer than 50% of sites.6.8.9. Human traffic within study sites.Camera-traps recorded suspected poachers at 8 (47%) of sites (Appendix IX.) with villagersrecorded at all but three sites, HKV, SPB, MB. Traps at AKNP recorded park rangers onpatrol, while traps at MMLK and TNTY recorded military personnel on patrol.Table 7. Tiger Densities at Some Rainforest and Evergreen Forests in Myanmar and OtherSoutheast Asia Countries.Country Site No. tigersdetectedDensity est.*(tigers/100km2)MindensityMaxdensityIndia Bhadra 7 3.42 2.58 4.26Thailand Kaeng Krachan 4 2.82 1.96 3.67Thailand Hala 3 2.68 2.42 2.93Thailand Bala 2 1.79 1.50 2.07Malaysia Temenggor 1 2 1.78 0.94 2.63Indonesia Bukit Berisan2 9 1.60 1.2 3.2Myanmar Hukaung2 1.10** 0.91 1.29ValleyMyanmar Myintmoletka 1 0.67** 0.38 0.96Thailand Phu Khieo 1 0.62** 0.35 0.88Myanmar Htamanthi 1 0.49** 0.28 0.70Thailand Khao Yai 1 0.38** 0.22 0.54* Single sided M-R estimates using Program CAPTURE** No recaptures. Density (D) = No. tigers (N) /Area, where N = No. tigersdetected/p, and p=0.778 (from Badhra, India; Karanth and Nichols, 2000)1R. Laidlaw and DWNP (unpublished data)2O’Brien et al. ms35.