Advanced Practice

xviii ContentsCHAPTER 5 Acute and Primary Care Advanced Practice Nursing: Past, 115Present, and FutureMargaret T. Bowers, MSN, RN, FNP-BCCatherine L. Gilliss, DNSC, RN, FAANLinda Lindsey Davis, PhD, RN, ANP, DP-NAP, FAANHealth Care in the 20th Century 116Health Care in the 21st Century 117The Nature of Primary Care 117Primary Care Providers in the 21st Century 123Evolution of APRN Roles 126Research on Advanced Nursing Practice 130Policy Issues Influencing Advanced Practice in Emerging Care Systems 132CHAPTER 6 Formulation and Approval of Credentialing and Clinical Privileges 147Geraldine “Polly” Bednash, PhD, RN, FAANLeo A. Le Bel, MEd, JD, APRN, CRNARegulation: Professional and Public 148Professional Certification for Advanced Practice Registered Nursing 157Clinical Practice and Institutional Privileges 162CHAPTER 7 Reimbursement for Expanded Professional Nursing Practice Services 181Michael J. Kremer, PhD, CRNA, FAANMargaret Faut-Callahan, PhD, CRNA, FAANThe Economic System 183Criteria for an Economic System Related to Health Care 183Types of Economic Systems 184Market Competition 186Disequilibrium 189Supplier-Induced Demand 189The Effects of Changes in Price, Supply, and Demand for Health Care 191Cost Considerations in Provision of Care and Reimbursement for 193Physicians and APRNsKey Terms in Finance and Reimbursement 200Reimbursement for Specific APRN Roles 204CHAPTER 8 Marketing the Role: Formulating, Articulating, and Negotiating 221Advanced Practice Nursing PositionsChristine E. Burke, PhD, CNMThe Traditional Marketing Approach: The 4 Ps 222Knowledge of Personal Values, Professional Skills, and Practical Necessities 224Knowledge of Practice Regulations 226