Endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera L. isolated in Canary Islands and ...

Evaluation of the genetically modified corn resistance to fungalinfectionPopescu Sorina*, Ioja-Boldura Oana Maria** Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Romania*Corresponding author. Email: biotehnologii_usab@yahoo.comAbstract The genus Fusarium has a global distribution and many speciesin the genus are phytopathogenic fungi infecting a wide range of crop plantsincluding cereals such as maize, wheat, oat and barley. Insect pests of cornare often involved in the disease cycles of ear rot and stalk rot diseases. TheEuropean corn borer is particularly well known for its involvement in thesediseases. Bt corn is a variant of maize, genetically modified to express thebacterial Bt toxin, which protect the plants against this pest, thereforereducing the intensity of Fusarium contamination. PCR based methods weresuccessfully applied in the screening for identification of contamination withpathogenic fungi for the corn samples. 14 corn samples, GM andconventional were subjected to PCR screening in order to detect thepresence of three Fusarium species. The presence of Fusariun proliferatumwas not detected in the GM corn samples. All three tested Fusarium species,were found in the analyzed samples, in average conventional corn being themost affected.Key wordsBt corn, contamination,Fusarium ssp., detection,PCRFusarium strain identification in complex feeds from RomanianmarketIoja-Boldura Oana Maria 1 , Popescu Sorina 11 Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara*Corresponding author. Email: biotehnologii_usab@yahoo.comAbstract Fusarium contamination is a major agricultural problem asquality and yield can be reduced, but more importantly many species in thegenus produce mycotoxins responsible for serious diseases in humans andfarm animals. The most common mycotoxine in cereals is deoxynivalenol(DON) produced by certain isolates of Fusarium spp., being prevalentworldwide in crops used for food and feed production. Identification ofFusarium species is critical to predict the potential mycotoxigenic risk of thecereals, therefore the development of an accurate and complementarymethod which permits a rapid, sensitive and reliable specific diagnosis ofFusarium species, is necessary. DNA based approaches applied in this studyhave been already reported as rapid, sensitive and specific alternatives toidentify the main trichothecene-producing Fusarium species. The biologicalmaterial consisted of eight samples of commercial feeds were all positive forFusarium species and therefore being suitable for further identification ofthose pathogenic organisms. In addition two of toxins biosynthetic genes werealso detected. Therefore, this method proved to be suitable in screening offorage samples, in order to detect their contamination.Key wordsFusariumssp.,mycotoxines, feed products,screening, PCR