G. Vasile et al./Chem.J. Mold. 2008, 3 (1), 56-61hour. Hydrogen peroxide was evaporated than almost close to dry. After cooling, 25 ml 1M ammonium acetate wasadded (acidulated to pH 2 with HNO3) repeating the shaking, whizzing and washing.Results and discussionsThe determination <strong>of</strong> metal total concentration from sedimentsIn order to evaluate zinc charge, total concentrations were determinated and it was observed that in all thesediments except the first one, which is situated upstream the objectives that generates pollution as a consequence <strong>of</strong> theactivity deruled in the area, zinc concentrations overpassed the limit value (150 mg kg -1 d.w.) established by Romania’slegislation for zinc in sediments [4].Table 1Total concentrations <strong>of</strong> zinc (mg/kg d.w.) in river sediments determined within FAASSample nameZn ConcentrationSample location(mg/kg d.w.)1 Baiaga River 134,82 Baiaga River 366,383 Baiaga River 389,64 Baiaga River 381,745 Baiaga River 715,856 Baiaga River 432,37 Paraul Baiaga 387,68 Coranda River 680,89 Ciongani River 494,6810 Quarry water 494,75Zinc partitioning in sedimentsBecause only a part <strong>of</strong> the total quantity <strong>of</strong> heavy metals from the sediments can be considered bioaccesible,labile, mobile and potentially toxic for the environment, the total concentrations <strong>of</strong> metals are not enough for theestimation <strong>of</strong> heavy metals pollution stat. This is the reason for which it was made the study <strong>of</strong> zinc partitioning in thesediments by applying BCR extraction procedure[5-7].This procedure allows zinc concentrations partition into the following fractions:Easy soluble fraction: this fraction contains the metal connected to carbonates or absorbed to the surface andmetallic-organic complexes in which the metal in weakly connected.The fraction connected to iron or manganese oxides.The fraction connected to organic combinations.Zinc concentrations from 1-3 steps were summed and compared to the total concentration. The results referringto zinc partition in the sediments from the mining area are presented in figure 3.Fig. 3. Partitioning <strong>of</strong> Zn in river sediments59
G. Vasile et al./Chem.J. Mold. 2008, 3 (1), 56-61The dates from figure 3 indicate that in the analyzed samples 20-80% <strong>of</strong> zinc exists as easy soluble fractions,5-20% <strong>of</strong> zinc is connected in organic combinations and 3-20% represents zinc fraction connected to the iron andmanganese oxides and hydroxides.Normalization processThis process allows aluminum use, a major constituent <strong>of</strong> aluminosilicates or iron use, a clay pointingconstituent.In order to evaluate iron and aluminum as candidates for establishing the normalization factors, were determinedthe total concentrations <strong>of</strong> these elements. The correlation between iron concentration and aluminum concentrationshould be linear if the two elements come from natural environment. Because <strong>of</strong> the mining activities, for iron content isvery high for the analyzed samples (5-10 % d.w.) comparing to the aluminum content (0,1-0,3 % d.w.) which indicatesthe fact that it does not exist a linear dependence between the concentrations <strong>of</strong> these metals. Because <strong>of</strong> these reason itwasn’t allowed iron use as a normalization factor, aluminum being choose in this scope, because it was considered thatit comes from the natural environment.In order to establish the natural and the anthropogenic inputs in zinc sediments, the total concentrations <strong>of</strong> thiselement were correlated with aluminum concentration in the same sediment sample.Fig.4. Relationships <strong>of</strong> Zn with Al in sedimentsIn figure 4 it can be seen that, in the investigated sediments case does not exist a linear dependence <strong>of</strong> zincconcentrations to aluminum concentration, which indicates the anthropogenic origin <strong>of</strong> this element because <strong>of</strong> themining activities.ConclusionsWithin both methods it was putted into bold line the fact that zinc content induced in the system and accumulatedin sediments from the pollution sources generated by mining activities unrolled in the area.Sequential method allowed the quantification <strong>of</strong> accessible fraction and therefore able to generate impact to theaquatic ecosystems, and the aluminium normalization method confirmed the existence <strong>of</strong> a zinc content over passingthe concentrations <strong>of</strong> the natural environment.References[1] SVETE, P. R., MILAC, PIHLAR, B., Ann. Chim. (Rome), 90, 2000, p. 323.[2] ANZECC, Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, 2000.[3] DASKALAKIS, D.K., O’CONNOR, T.P., Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 1995, p. 470.[4] Ordin nr.161/2006 pentru aprobarea Normativului privind clasificarea calitii apelor de suprafa în vedereastabilirii strii ecologice a corpurilor de ap.60
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