MetaFun - Pragma ADE

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148 background overlay a text, graphic, hyperlink or widget position overlay a series of macros triggered by positions background layer a box that can hold boxes with offsets The last kind of layer can be used in other situations as well, but in most cases it will be hooked into a background overlay. \definelayer[MyLayer][option=test] \setupbackgrounds[text][leftmargin][background=MyLayer] \setlayer[MyLayer][x=.5cm,y=5cm] {\rotate{\framed{This goes to the background}}} In this case the framed text will be placed in the background of the (current) page with the given offset to the topleft corner. Instead of a fixed position, you can inherit the current position using the position directive. Say that we have a layer called YourLayer which we put in the background of the text area. \definelayer[YourLayer] \setupbackgrounds[text][text][background=YourLayer] We can now move some framed text to this layer using \setlayer with the directive position set to yes. here: \setlayer[YourLayer][position=yes]{\inframed{Here}} here: Here You can influence the placement by explicitly providing an offset (hoffset and/or voffset), a position (x and/or y) or a location directive (location). Normally you will use the offsets for the layer as a whole and the positions for individual contributions. The next example demonstrates the use of a location directive. here: \setlayer[YourLayer][position=yes,location=c]{\inframed{Here}} Here here: Many layers can be in use at the same time. In the next example we put something in the page layer. By default, we turn on position tracking, which visualizes the bounding box of the content and shows the reference point. \definelayer[BackLayer][position=yes] \setupbackgrounds[page][background=BackLayer] Next we define an overlay that we can put behind for instance framed texts. We use METAPOST to draw Shape. \defineoverlay[Shape] [BackLayer] [\uniqueMPgraphic{Shape}] \startuniqueMPgraphic{Shape} path p ; p := fullcircle xyscaled(OverlayWidth,OverlayHeight) ; Positional graphics More layers This goes to the background
fill p withcolor \MPcolor{lightgray} ; draw p withpen pencircle scaled 1pt withcolor \MPcolor{darkred} ; \stopuniqueMPgraphic We can now put this background shape behind the running text, for instance with: .... some \inframed[background=Shape]{text} with a frame ... .... some \Shaped{text} with a frame ... .... some text with a frame ... .... some text with a frame ... The \Shaped macro was defined as: \defineframed[Shaped][background=Shape,frame=off,location=low] Watch how the graphics are moved to the background while the frame of the first text stays on top, since it remains part of the text flow. .... some text with a frame ... .... some text with a frame ... In the previous instance of the example we have reversed the stacking. Reversal can be done with the direction directive. \setuplayer[BackLayer][direction=reverse] You can influence the placement of a background component by using a different anchor point. \setuplayer [BackLayer] [position=no,corner=bottom,height=\paperheight] \setlayer[BackLayer][x=1cm,y=10cm,location=bl] {\externalfigure[somecow.pdf][width=1cm]} \setlayer[BackLayer][x=.5cm,y=8cm,location=br] {\externalfigure[somecow.pdf][width=1cm]} \setlayer[BackLayer][x=1cm,y=4cm,location=tl] {\externalfigure[somecow.pdf][width=1cm]} \setlayer[BackLayer][x=10cm,y=.5cm,location=tr] {\externalfigure[somecow.pdf][width=3cm]} Instead of using relative positions, you can also use absolute ones. Of course you need to know how your coordinates relate to the rest of the layout definition. \setuplayer [BackLayer] [position=no,corner=bottom,height=\paperheight] More layers Positional graphics 149
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Hans Hagen metafun context mkiv
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Introduction This document is about
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Content Conventions . . . . . . . .
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1 Conventions When reading this man
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1 Welcome to MetaPost 1.1 Paths 2 I
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The open path is defined as: (1cm,1
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1.2 Transformations We can store a
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(x,y) zscaled (u,v) (xu − yv,xv +
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z0 = (0.5cm,1.5cm) ; z1 = (2.5cm,2.
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4 0 1 3 2 "z0..z1..z2..z3..z0" Only
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0 1 3 2 "z0..z1..z2--z3" Watch how
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0 1 0 2 2 1 "(z0..z1..z2..z3) cutaf
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2 0 1 Using ( ) is not mandatory bu
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0 4 1 3 2 0 These two graphics were
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Since we don't consider this unfill
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First there is the concept of varia
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1.8 Loops Yet another programming c
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If in the definition of doublescale
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test (a) (b) (c) (d) ; test (a,b) (
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If you forget about the colors, the
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linejoin=mitered linecap=butt linej
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1.15 Text Most dashpatterns can be
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Z13 Z24 Z14 Z1 Z12 Z2 Z21 Z23 Z11 Z
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3 Because we want to call this macr
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dotlabel.rt ("$Z_{3}$", z3) ; dotla
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A different approach is to use a tw
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The graphic extends beyond the boun
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p := (p shifted (5cm,0)) randomized
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path p ; p := (0,0) -- (2cm,3cm) ;
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path p ; p := (0cm,0cm) -- (4cm,1cm
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Here, the image macro creates an (a
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So, in addition to on to specify a
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Watch how we can pass a point (poin
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2 A few more details In this chapte
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The second line does just as it say
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fill shape ; draw shape ; filldraw
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2.3 Units 6 As you can see here, as
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2.4 Scaling and shifting When we dr
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Especially when a path results from
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points first order curve second ord
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first iteration second iteration th
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and get: We don't even need that mu
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Figure 2.3 Circles with minimized i
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The tension specifier can be used t
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The asymetrical tensions are less p
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z0 .. z1 .. z2 z0 {curl 1} .. z1 ..
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7 In literature concerning POSTSCRI
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currentpicture := currentpicture sl
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We can achieve this by defining poi
Page 101 and 102: We're still not there. Like in a pr
Page 103 and 104: Due to the thicker line width used
Page 105 and 106: left up down right The previous def
Page 107 and 108: Here the & glues strings together,
Page 109 and 110: picture p ; p := "MetaFun" normalin
Page 111 and 112: pickup pencircle scaled 2pt ; draw
Page 113 and 114: Because the z--variables are used f
Page 115 and 116: 3 Embedded graphics In addition to
Page 117 and 118: \startMPcode fill fullcircle scaled
Page 119 and 120: \startuniqueMPgraphic{right or wron
Page 121 and 122: {\externalfigure[mprun:extrafun::my
Page 123 and 124: \startlinecorrection[blank] \proces
Page 125 and 126: In order to prevent problems, we ad
Page 127 and 128: There are a few more low level swit
Page 129 and 130: When we convert color to gray, we u
Page 131 and 132: 4 Enhancing the layout One of the m
Page 133 and 134: 4.2 Overlay variables [offset=3pt,f
Page 135 and 136: This background demonstrates that a
Page 137 and 138: As you may know, TEX's ambassador i
Page 139 and 140: This works as expected: \RotatedTex
Page 141 and 142: We will now apply this knowledge of
Page 143 and 144: p := p shifted (2o,OverlayHeight-yp
Page 145 and 146: We demonstrated that when defining
Page 147 and 148: 5 Positional graphics In this chapt
Page 149 and 150: 5.2 Anchors and layers In a previou
Page 151: pab := pab cutafter (pab intersecti
Page 155 and 156: The previous example also demonstra
Page 157 and 158: \setMPlayer [test] [somepos-1] [loc
Page 159 and 160: 6 Page backgrounds Especially in in
Page 161 and 162: As soon as you want to make an elec
Page 163 and 164: do_it (1,4,false) ; do_it (5,4,fals
Page 165 and 166: gigigi Watch how the bounding boxes
Page 167 and 168: You can test this concept yourself
Page 169 and 170: StartPage ; fill Area[Text][Text] s
Page 171 and 172: fi ; Main := Main enlarged 6pt ; pi
Page 173 and 174: ulcorner Field[Text] [Text] -urcorn
Page 175 and 176: The left picture demonstrates what
Page 177 and 178: There are two more operators: inner
Page 179 and 180: 7 Shapes, symbols and buttons One c
Page 181 and 182: Table 7.1 demonstrates how scratch
Page 183 and 184: for i := 1 upto \MPvar{n} : xpos :=
Page 185 and 186: This table is defined as: \bTABLE[f
Page 187 and 188: Since we have collected some nice b
Page 189 and 190: 8 Special effects Sometimes we want
Page 191 and 192: Because of this implementation, sha
Page 193 and 194: test_shade(origin shifted (.25cm,0)
Page 195 and 196: fill p shifted (3cm,0) withcolor .5
Page 197 and 198: \definecolor [tred] [r=1,t=.5,a=exc
Page 199 and 200: Figure 8.4 Another clipped cow. \pl
Page 201 and 202: withpen pencircle scaled 4mm withco
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Because this graphic is the result
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The resulting PDF file can be inclu
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Including another METAPOST graphic,
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After these examples your are proba
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In this graphic, we have two text f
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} {}} Here we feed some MATHML int
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9 Functions METAPOST provides a wid
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9.2 Grids Some day you may want to
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13 13 13 13 Figure 9.1 Quick and di
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2 − ×10 1 − 1 0×100 Figure 9.
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Figure 9.3 By using transparent col
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There are enough applications out t
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Of course we could extend this LUA
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10 Typesetting in METAPOST It is sa
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Meta is a female lion! Figure 10.2
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We use the low level CONTEXT macro
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So, now we have: M etaPostisFun! Wh
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n := n + 1 ; len[n] := \the\wd\MPbo
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ap := point at of RotPath ; ad := d
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\startoverlay {\startuseMPgraphic{f
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\startuseMPgraphic{text draw} draw
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vsize := ypart urcorner p - ypart l
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We are now ready for an attempt to
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We can manipulate the heigth and de
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\strutheight) ; % height of first l
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w := h := 6cm ; o := 6pt ; path p ;
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Donald Knuth has spent the past sev
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Donald Knuth has spent the past sev
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11 Debugging Those familiar with CO
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4 3 5 2 6 1 0 7 8 You can pass opti
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3 4 0 2 1 Of course you may want to
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12 Defining styles Since the integr
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color=gray, contrastcolor=gray, sty
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def right_menu_button (expr nn, rr,
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\Topic {Edward R. Tufte} \input tuf
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A Few Nice Quotes A Simple Style De
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13 A few applications For those who
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vardef spring (expr a, b, w, h, n)
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There is a numeric constant labelof
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text text text text text text text
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p := fullcircle scaled (2*length(lo
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These definitions of anglebetween a
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Because in most cases we want the l
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γ δ β ɛ α ζ δ γ β ɛ metho
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There are for sure more (efficient)
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The next circle that we draw shows
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popcurrentpicture ; enddef ; Here,
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draw (u,i) -- (2u,i) withcolor .5wh
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Figure 13.4 Koffka's examples of ma
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\startbuffer[a] def start_everythin
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pointC := circleA intersectionpoint
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draw_basics ; draw_circles ; draw_i
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Figure 13.6 Bisecting a line segmen
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z1 = (0, height/2) ; z2 = (width/2-
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The clipping path is applied by say
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13.8 Music sheets The next example
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The euro symbol A few applications
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draw i withpen pencircle scaled 1pt
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16 draw b withpen pencircle scaled
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\startMPcode \includeMPgraphic{gamb
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14 METAFUN macros CONTEXT comes wit
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A METAPOST syntax In the METAFONT b
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〈number or fraction〉 → 〈num
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〈suffix〉 → 〈empty〉 | 〈s
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〈assignment〉 → 〈variable〉
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〈command〉 → clip 〈picture v
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〈if test〉 → if 〈boolean exp
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B This document This document is pr
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C Reference C.1 Paths In this chapt
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tension atleast numeric (0,0)..(.75
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angle origin--dir(angle(1,1)) metap
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circle bcircle metafun variable lci
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path randomized numeric/pair unitsq
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path stretched numeric/pair (fullci
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path zscaled pair fullcircle zscale
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path llenlarged numeric fullcircle
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path urmoved numeric fullcircle urm
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everse path reverse fullcircle shif
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oundingbox path boundingbox fullcir
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C.3 Points top pair top center full
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C.4 Attributes withcolor rgbcolor w
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draw draw fullcircle metapost macro
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ounded linecap := rounded metapost
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label.top label.top("MetaFun",origi
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D Literature There is undoubtly mor
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Index a anchoring 143, 145 angles 2
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This document introduces you in the
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