so Paul and I started digging at thecobble floor, releasing vast cloudsof silt in the process. After severalminutes of this we seemed to bemaking little progress, so I grabbedthe spool and tried over nearthe left wall, which seemed to be alittle higher. Sure enough, I managedto plow on through and the fiveof us swam on into a sloping passage10 meters wide by 4 meters high, tyingoff on the floor at a depth of85 meters.As soon as I finished the knotsat 85 meters there was a loud blastaccompanied by a sharp concussion asone of my two sealed beam primarylights imploded. This is a fairlycommon occurrence, as the slightestscratch or imperfection will generall:cause a sealed beam bulb to implodebelow a depth of about 60 meters,but was nonetheless distressing sinceit thoroughly trashed the light andI had to spend a couple of extra minutesgathering up the pieces (wedon't like trashing up underwatercaves any more than we do air-filledones).Our exit was marred by a bottleneckof divers at the 55 meter constriction,where zero visibility (asopposed to the 15 meter visibility wehad enjoyed coming in) made findingthe best route out difficult, evenwith the aid of the well-belayedguideline. Since the water was warmerthan we had anticipated (about19°C) and I was trying out my newdry suit, the two hours of decompressionstops we required be<strong>for</strong>e surfacingweren't t.oo bad.On our third dive Dale, Steveand Ken extended the line another 18meters to a depth of 95 meters (atotal penetration of 175 meters)reporting another low area just ahead, beyond which the slope appearedto steepen again. We named theimpressive area be<strong>for</strong>e the 55 meterconstriction Sala de Piedra , andthe large area beyond it the Pacesetter'sPassage in honor of thetwo original explorers of the cave.Nacimiento del Rio ManteSince there is some above-watercave at the entrance and plenty ofmountain behind it, we were hopefulof finding some big streamway pasta short, shallow dive at the RioMante. However, on dive number 4(the first dive at Mante), Frankand Terry pulled their way along a5-8 meter wide by 5 meter high conduit60 meters to a depth of 13 meters,at which point the bottom droppedout! The only route continueddown a long, narrow pit 30-50 metersby 2-4 meters, from which all ofthe considerable water flow was gushingat a rapid rate. They haltedtheir vertical descent down the pitat a depth of 85 meters. Decompressionin the warm (27°C) water was24made interesting by the calcite crystalwalls and a small troglobiticisopod, which was sighted near theentrance at a depth of 6 meters.On dive #6, Paul and I ran abranch line horizontally at a depthof 55 meters, then descended diagonallyto a depth of 85 meters. Ondive #8, Frank and Terry descendedto the same point, where they sightedseveral more of the isopods (preparingto dine on our line?).On dive #9, Paul and I extendedour branch line 18 meters to a depthof 101 meters, at which point (168meters penetration) we could see thenear-vertical pit continuing to
Aerial view of Nacimiento del R10 Mante, Tamaulipas.(William Russell)plunge downward at least 9 metersdeeper, making the vertical extentof the pit itself on the order of102 meters as measured from the roofabove it at a depth of 8 meters.*We dubbed it Macho Pit, thinking itironic that, in this land of drypits more than 4 times as deep, thisrelatively (as far as we know, sincewe never saw bottom) shallow pit maybe the most difficult to bottom!Perhaps Frank, who has done somemixed gas cave diving in the Ozarks,will return someday and do the trick.Nacimiento Media LunaEven though we were trying to rotatethe first dives at each site todifferent people to keep everyone happy,no one seemed to be interested indiving the night we arrived at MediaLuna, so Dan, Paul and I found ourselvesmaking dive #10 here. The watertemperature was quite com<strong>for</strong>table,28°C at the surface and 30°C below at adepth of 30 meters, and visibilityapproached 30 meters of open water atthe largest of the 6 spring vents locatedtherein. Un<strong>for</strong>tunately, theonly cave located - the main spring was small and short. extending to adepth of 48 meters be<strong>for</strong>e the strong*Ed. Note: Interestingly, this total depth of 110 meters puts it 20 metersbelow sea level, as the elevation of the surface of the spring 1S 90 meters asl.25
- Page 3 and 4: Number 10AMesActivitiesNewsletterJu
- Page 6 and 7: compilcJ Ly Peter S. SprouseAUSTRIA
- Page 8 and 9: Long Caves of MexicoPeter S. Sprous
- Page 10 and 11: ,/
- Page 12 and 13: hole with a 3 meter cave entrance.I
- Page 14 and 15: Interestingly enough, the majorpass
- Page 16 and 17: proceeded to find 78 ticks on mybod
- Page 19 and 20: The Sierra de Guatemala mountain ra
- Page 21 and 22: meter long, 9 meter deep, slopingdr
- Page 25: Diving the big springs of the Sierr
- Page 29 and 30: Nacimiento del Rio CoyOn Monday, 26
- Page 31 and 32: Entrance chamber, Nacimiento del Rl
- Page 33: We discovered a source of compresse
- Page 36 and 37: Steve Zeman rappels into the SalaGr
- Page 38 and 39: no problem and we were soon fourwhe
- Page 40 and 41: event that the dive panned out andw
- Page 42 and 43: keep an accurate fix on whether itw
- Page 44 and 45: we had finished the last of the rop
- Page 46 and 47: tance. This continued for some 280m
- Page 48 and 49: Talus summit at the beginning of An
- Page 50 and 51: source, a kilometer and a half upst
- Page 52 and 53: consisted of a dusty dry corridorbo
- Page 54 and 55: There was much speculation aboutthe
- Page 56 and 57: turning to Camp II we found Richard
- Page 58 and 59: We had barely slept three hourswhen
- Page 60 and 61: POSTEXPEDITION NOTESBill Steele and
- Page 63: -f//'~:;San,Agustin,,~~~:= ']--="~-
- Page 67: translated from the Mazatecby Cathy
- Page 70 and 71: Ateschalla Norte ySurThe following
- Page 73: CUEVA DE TASALOLPANcuetzalan, puebl
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CuetzalanSteve KnutsonSpring 1979Ma
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Thirty meter pitch into canal secti
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ENTRADACANONACUEVATECOLOESTADA DE P
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S6tano del BuqueRobert JefferysSota
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the rope. What John had been trying
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METERSo50NmICEBERG ROOM100-506500
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CUEVA DE XOCOTLATintroduction by Ge
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was a sizable horizontal sectionwhi
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Cueva de XocotlatMunicipio de San P
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1979 SPRINGDale PatePROJECTPlans we
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were the only ones left at the fiel
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to 4 hours exploring and sketchingv
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persons working on this mapping tea
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Fifteen meter drop in Moria.(Thomas
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French delegationarrivesAfter sever
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French ConnectionFriday the 13th sa
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everyone prepared for the hike toCa
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Terri t Dale t and Steve returned t
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SISTEMAPURIFICACIONMunicipio Villa
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Letters to the EditorTothe Editor:B
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ATLAS DES GRANDES GOUFFRES DU MONDE