Brochure Phostech_v1.7c - Phostech Lithium inc.

Phostech LithiumInnovative Materialfor Energy Storage

Phostech LithiumVISION"We provide innovative and premiumqualitymaterials to make a majorcontribution to the battery industry"Thorsten Lahrs, Phostech CEO

Phostech Lithium1994:1996:1997:1999:2000:2001:2003:LiCoO2 inventor John B. Goodenough and his team discover lithium metalphosphate cathode at the University of Texas at Austin (UT)John B. Goodenough and his team patent lithium metal phosphate cathode at UTHydro-Québec (HQ) obtains an exclusive license on Goodenough’s inventionfrom UTUdeM's R&D on C-LiFePO4 lead to patent co-owned by Université de Montréal(UdeM), ACEP Inc. (50/50 HQ/Yuasa JV) and French CNRSUdeM's R&D on C-LiFePO4 processes lead to patents co-owned by UdeM, HQand CNRSPhostech founded by UdeM researchers following obtention of rights formanufacture/sales of lithium metal phosphate for Li-ion from UT, HQ, UdeMand CNRSUdeM’s R&D on LiMPO4 synthesis by a melt process lead to patent co-owned byUdeM, CNRS and PhostechSüd-Chemie independent R&D program on LiFePO4 cathode in Germany(Moosburg R&D center)HISTORY2004:Süd-Chemie patents wet-process for LiFePO4Phostech Lithium starts commercial operation for solid state process in QuébecSüd-Chemie starts pilot operation for wet-process in GermanySüd-Chemie initiates relationship with Phostech Lithium2005:2008:Süd-Chemie initial investment into Phostech LithiumPhostech Lithium 100% owned subsidiary of Süd-ChemieDr. John Bannister GoodenoughLithium Metal Phosphate cathode inventorJapan Prize (2001) for his works on batteriesU.S. Presidential Enrico Fermi award winner (2009)Professor at the University of Texas at AustinUS 5,910,382 assigned to Board of RegentsThe University of Texas System, Austin TX

Phostech Lithium1. Thermal stability• LiFePO4 is made of a skeleton of PO4 polyanions that is very stable thermally while favorable toone dimensional Li + ion reversible diffusion• Covalent P-O bond stabilize the oxide when fully charged and avoid O2 release making LiFePO4the most stable commercial cathode material• LiFePO4 stability and tolerance to overcharge make possible cost reduction associated to externalsafety devices2. Good electrochemical characteristics• Long calendar life for the stable olivine structure• High tolerance to high and low-voltage abuse• Lower thickness change of full cell during charge/discharge3. Abundant resource of basic elements• Fe and P are common components4. Environmentally friendly• No toxic elementsSome physical parameters of cathode materialsCathode Electric Conductivity Solid diffusion coefficientLiCoO2 10 -3 ~10 -4 S/cm 10 -7 ~10 -9 cm 2 /sLiMn2O4 10 -5 ~10 -6 S/cm 10 -9 ~10 -12 cm 2 /sLiFePO4 10 -9 ~10 -10 S/cm 10 -12 ~10 -14 cm 2 /sPure LiFePO4, shows lower conductivity for the one-dimensional model of Li + diffusion among 3Dstructure. Lower solid diffusion coefficient and electron conductivity, are major problems beforeit can be applied in power cellHow to improve conductivity and rate performance ?2 nmLiFePO4CarbondepositRavet et al. invented in 1998 theuse of a conductive pyrolyticcarbon nano-deposit on LiFePO4(US 6,855,273, US 6,962,666 & US7,344,659)chargedischargeThe olivine structure is stable duringLi-ions insertion and extraction.Pyrolytic carbon deposit ! Submicron-sized particles !Volume (%)98765432100.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000Particle Size (μm)100806040200Life Power® C-LiFePO4

Phostech LithiumLife Power® P1 grade is micro-aggregates C-LiFePO4manufactured by solid-state process and designed for cathodeformulation in the production of energy lithium batteriesLife Power® P1 is ideally suited for lithium batteries used inconsumer batteries, as replacement of VRLA batteries, in e-bike,e-scooter, small mobility, UPS, EV's, ...Technical Information:• convenient coating processability• specific electrochemical capacity of ca. 140 mAh/g• carbon content : 1 to 2 wt.%• average particle size (D50) : 2 to 4 μm• surface area (BET) : 10 to 15 m 2 /g• water content < 1000 ppmFor More Information:• info@phostechlithium.comENERGYLife Power® P1K2 Energy Solutions LFP300ES (90Ah)300 A continuous and up to 700+ amp pulsesK2 Energy Solutions LFP26650EV3,200 mAh designed for EV’s applicationsLife Power® C-LiFePO4Volts43.532.521.5EV Cell Rate Graph0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500mAh0.64 A1.6 A3.2 A5.0 A10 A15 A20 A25 A

Phostech LithiumLife Power® P2 grade is submicron C-LiFePO4 manufactured byadvanced wet-process and designed for cathode formulation inthe production of power lithium batteriesLife Power® P2 is ideally suited for lithium batteries used inpower tools, SLI batteries, HEV's, PHEV's, EV's, large storagebatteries, defence applications, ...Technical Information:• specific electrochemical capacity of ca. 150 mAh/g• carbon content : 2 to 3 wt.%• nano-sized primary particles• average particle size (D50) : 0.5 to 1 μm• surface area (BET) : 12 to 18 m 2 /g• water content < 1000 ppmFor More Information:• info@phostechlithium.comPOWERLife Power® P2SAFT Space & Defense Division (SDD) Life Power Lithium Ion cellsCellCapacityDischarge Power (kW/kg)200 ms 2 sec ContinuousSpecificEnergy(Wh/kg)VL10VFe 11 Ah 7 5 4.5 57VL25PFe 26 Ah 4.6 4.4 3.2 85VL40EFe 40 Ah / / 0.17 132SDD is the U.S.’s largest supplier of Li-ion batteriesfor space and for hybrid electric military vehicles.

Phostech LithiumSafety level A (intrinsic pack safety)Superb{ITRI & ExtraEnergy PHET ® e-bikebattery pack crush test (10 Tons)Temperature performanceOver-voltage behaviorOver-charge behaviorSAFETYShort CircuitOvercharge« No Event, T < 100°C » « Vent with No Smoke & No Fire, T < 100°C »OverchargeSlow Nail« Smoke, No Flame, Max Temp 310°C » « Smoke, No Flame, Max Temp 120°C »

Phostech LithiumWh/kgCapacity (mAh/g)1401201008060402001600140012001000800600400200K2 - 3.2Ah Energy CellK2 - 2.5Ah Power Cell26650 Power Cell26650 Energy Cell1200W/kg @ 80Wh/kg0 300 600 900 1200 1500W/kg00 500 1000ATL IFR18650 1,200 mAh23°C, 4A charge / 6C discharge, 2.0-3.65V1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000CyclesWh/kg13012011010090807060K2 - EVK2 - Power5010 100 1000 10000W/kgLife PoweredVL10Fe - 10 AhVery High PowerVL25Fe - 25 AhMedium Energy / Medium Power© Microcar

Life Power® "Material" IPCore 1: LiFePO4 (HQ/UT)US 5,910,382 C1 US 6,514,640 C1CA 2,251,709 EP 0904607Core 2: Carbon deposit 1(ACEP, UdeM, CNRS co-ownership)US 6,962,666 US 7,344,659EP 1049182 EP 1796189CA 2,307,119+ JP examination1 23Core 3: Carbon deposit 2(HQ, UdeM, CNRS co-ownership)US 7,457,018KR 100879839CN 100421289+ JP, EP and CA examination"Multicore" Material IP

Worldwide CustomersPhostech LithiumEuropeJapanUSChinaKoreaOthers CustomersLife Power® C-LiFePO4is used and evaluated by numerous companies

Worldwide Customer ServiceWorldwide / North AmericaPhostech Sales and MarketingPhostech Lithium Inc.1475, rue Marie-VictorinSt-Bruno de Montarville, Qc, J3V 6B7CanadaTel.: +1 450-653-1810 # 246Fax: +1 450-653-4203E-mail: info@phostechlithium.comEurope, Middle East & AfricaPhostech EMEASüd-Chemie AGWaldheimerstrasse 1583052 BruckmühlGermanyTel.: +49 (0)8061-4903516Fax: +49 (0)8061-4903519E-mail: emea@phostechlithium.comChinaPhostech ChinaSüd-Chemie China2201 Westgate Tower1038 West Nanjing Road, Shanghai, 200041ChinaTel: +86-21-62184480 # 17Fax: +86-21-62184491E-mail: china@phostechlithium.comJapanPhostech JapanSüd-Chemie Catalysts Japan, Inc.5F, Shinjuku MAYNDS Tower1-1, Yoyogi 2-chome, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo 151-0053JapanTel: +81 (0)3-5308-9381Fax: +81 (0)3-5308-9330E-mail: japan@phostechlithium.comKoreaPhostech KoreaSüd-Chemie Korea Co., Ltd.527, Okmyeong-Ri, Daesong-MyeonNam-Gu, Pohang City, GyeongbukKoreaTel: +82-54-278-2141Fax: +82-54-278-2147E-mail: korea@phostechlithium.comGermanyLife Power® P2 R&D / ProductionSüd-Chemie AGOstenrieder Straße 15D-85368 MoosburgTel: +49 8761 82-0Fax: +49 8761 82-222E-mail: research@phostechlithium.comTo best serve our customers

Phostech LithiumPhostech Lithium Inc.1475, rue Marie-VictorinSt-Bruno de Montarville, Québec, J3V 6B7CanadaTel.: +1 450-653-1810Fax: +1 450-653-4203E-mail: info@phostechlithium.comwww.phostechlithium.comVersion 1.7c March 2010 © Phostech Lithium