LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

amy zalmanTexas at Austin, 1990). The first page number references their translation, and thesecond the Arabic text throughout.15. Quotations from the introduction are translated by Roger Allen.16. For further comments on this point, see Muhammad Siddiq’s Man is A Cause, pp.25–31; and Nedjma Khalil Habib’s al-Namudhaj al-insani fi adab Ghassan Kanafani(Beirut: Bisan li-Nashr wa-li-Tawzi’ wa-li-Tawzi’ wa-li-I’lam, 1999), pp. 51–2.17. This insight is forcefully explored in Anne McClintock’s Imperial leather: Race,Gender and Sexuality in the Colonial Context (New York: Routledge, 1991).18. Leila Khaled’s autobiography offers one such critical voice. Others can be found inImtithal Juwaydi’s Shajarat al-Subbar (Beirut: Dar Al-Tali’a, 1972), Egyptian authorAbd Al-Rahman Sharqawi’s lyric play Watani Akka (Cairo: Dar Al-Shuruq, 1970),and Syrian writer Layla Usayran’s ÆAsafir al-Fajr (Beirut: Dar al-Tali’a, 1968).19. For an anthropological account of how the bodily signs of torture function in theconstruction of masculinity among Palestinians, see Julie Peteet’s ‘Male Gender andthe Rituals of Resistance in the Palestinian Intifada’ in Imagined Masculinities, op. cit.20. From LeGassick’s and Fernea’s translation. The Arabic can be found in Al-Subbar(Damascus: Dar Al-Jalil, 1984), p. 9.— 78 —www.taq.ir