LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

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the production of locality in the oral palestinian poetry duelin the 1990s has coincided with more active participation on the part ofPalestinians in Israeli politics. But the poetry performance is not essentiallyabout politics. In part through the work of producing locality in their weddingeve celebrations, Palestinians are in a continual process of becoming. WhenJews begin to attend Palestinian weddings, then the lists of names that are socentral to the poetry will include Hebrew names as well.notes1. Poetry duelling of one sort or another is widespread throughout the Arab world,especially in the context of weddings. See Caton for a detailed description of poetryduelling among the Khawlani tribe of Yemen. The Galilee and the Triangle arewithin the geographical borders of the present state of Israel.2. Bowman (p. 33) recognises the importance of place names in Palestinian identityformation, although he does not discuss the relationship between the act of namingand the affirmation of a cultural or political identity.3. Swedenburg notes that in 1990, Israeli government-run television and radio bannedthe use of Palestinian names for towns and villages in the Occupied Territories,replacing them with their biblical equivalents (p. 74).4. See Slyomovics for a discussion of the renaming of this village and subsequentrelationship between the original village (now Ein Hod) and the new ÆAyn Hawdwhere original inhabitants of the Palestinian village now live.5. Atchity also draws an interesting comparison between the catalogue and genealogy.Since the Palestinian lists include not only village names, but also families, thesuggestion of genealogy is also strongly present here. Palestinians are praised withinthe context of their ancestral and familial affiliations: sons of Palestinian families,who are also sons of ÆAdnan, IsmaÆil, and Ibrahim.6. That Palestinian Israelis are aware of the political implications of the village lists canbe seen from the following incident. At one duel performed shortly after theestablishment of the Palestinian Authority in Jericho, a poet included that city inhis listing of Palestinian towns, inciting considerable excitement among the audience.‘Jericho, did he say Jericho?’, ‘Jericho? We’ll spend tonight in prison!’ were some ofthe comments the mention elicited.7. Appadurai defines neighbourhoods as the existing social forms in which locality isrealised (p. 179).8. My corpus of sixty hours of recordings includes one mention of the city of Haifa, amixed Arab/Jewish city. Israel and the Jewish settlement town of Karmiel are eachmentioned once, both times by a poet who, during his interview with me, expressedgreat satisfaction as a citizen of the State of Israel.9. See, for instance, the vocabulary of the poetry cited in Caton (1990), Bailey (1974)and Sowayan (1985).10. Atchity makes a similar point about Homer and his relationship with Agamemnonin the Iliad. ‘By drawing attention to the role of the poet of memory, finally, Homerequates himself with Agamemnon. As the king protects and serves the communityin time, the poet assures the interests of human continuity’ (p. 278). Reynolds makes— 29 —www.taq.ir
nadia yaquba similar argument in his study of the relationship between poet and text in the oralArabic epic, sirat bani hilal.11. Atchity’s interpretation of Homer’s Iliad also rests in part on the notion that thethematic continuity of the work relies at least in part on the importance of theevents as remembered.12. In studying the poetry duels of the Gayo in the highlands of Sumatra, Bowen notes asimilar use of metacommunicative discourse (p. 36).13. Interestingly, Caton attributes what he perceives to be a marked linguistic differencebetween the baah and the epic genres like that studied by Reynolds at least in part tothe narrative nature of the latter. However, as Reynolds’ study shows, a narrativegenre can also be characterised by a significant amount of metacommunicativelanguage.14. In fact, any meta-level commentary can be seen as allusive since by definition itintroduces into a given discourse elements from a context at one level removed fromthat discourse.— 30 —www.taq.ir
Page 1: LITERATUREAND NATION INTHE MIDDLE E
Page 6 and 7: Notes on the ContributorsDr Hannah
Page 8 and 9: AcknowledgementsWe would like to th
Page 10 and 11: Introduction 1Literature and Nation
Page 12 and 13: introductionliterary lens, while at
Page 14 and 15: introductionlogically ‘brittle’
Page 16 and 17: introductionArabic and Palestinian
Page 18 and 19: introductiona way that, ‘when [ir
Page 20 and 21: introductionreadings. Shai Ginsburg
Page 22 and 23: introductionof this, critical discu
Page 24 and 25: introductionoriginal language. The
Page 26 and 27: the production of locality in the o
Page 40 and 41: 12Irony and the Poetics of Palestin
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14Darwish’s ‘Indian Speech’ a
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darwish’s ‘indian speech’ as
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israeli jewish nation buildingcircl
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israeli jewish nation buildingTrans
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israeli jewish nation buildingHebre
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israeli jewish nation buildingfrom
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israeli jewish nation building4. Th
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etween myth and historygonist Uri a
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etween myth and historysake of that
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etween myth and historyheroic act o
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etween myth and historygenerations.
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etween myth and historyimprint, and
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etween myth and historywith minor c
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etween myth and historybehaviour, m
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etween myth and history10. Both Oz
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etween myth and historytraditionall
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writing the nationI do not mean to
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writing the nationand, indeed, nece
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writing the nationadvocate from a w
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writing the nationWatani Party (Bar
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writing the nationHowever much they
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writing the nationchange, we can re
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writing the nationon an affair ‘s
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writing the nationhimself as a stau
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writing the nationobvious dramatic
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writing the nation… A person scru
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writing the nationcomrades till he
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writing the nationsets himself up a
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writing the nationWere they chantin
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writing the nationto disrupt the re
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writing the nationAmazingly Abduh,
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writing the nation1968), 83-109; an
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writing the nation33. See, for inst
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arabic poetry, nationalism and soci
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19Marginal Literatures of the Middl
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marginal literatures of the middle
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the predicament of in-betweennessco
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the predicament of in-betweennesssi
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the predicament of in-betweennessev
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the predicament of in-betweennessse
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the predicament of in-betweennessa
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the predicament of in-betweennessfo
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the predicament of in-betweennessTh
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the predicament of in-betweennesswe
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the predicament of in-betweenness5.
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the nation speaksIslamist nationali
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the nation speaksneighbour and regi
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the nation speaksinteresting kind,
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the nation speaksagreements between
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the nation speaksdate of compositio
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the nation speaksembodied in great
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the nation speaksspirituality with
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the nation speaksWhen will we pray?
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the nation speaksMin matahati landa
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the nation speaksinter-textuality t
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the nation speaksthe value of liter
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the nation speaksin April 1974 an
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ibliographyAdams, William Y. 1977.
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ibliographyal-Banna, ÆAbd Allah Mu
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ibliographyMiddle East. Miami: Flor
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ibliographyDenneny, Michael. 1999.
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ibliographyEnergy in Renaissance En
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ibliographyArt Forms. London and Ne
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ibliographyKhouri, Mounah A. 1971.
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ibliographyMassad, Joseph. 1995.
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ibliographyParkinson, Dilworth B. 1
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ibliographySarkar, Sumit. 1997. ‘
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ibliographySharqawi, Abd al-Rahman.
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ibliographyTirman, John. 2001, 8 Ju
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IndexAbbas, Ihsan, 54ÆAbduh, Muham
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indexFaqir, Fadia, 182Farah, Khalil
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indexLuah Eretz Yisrael (journal),
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indexoral Palestinian duel, 7-8, 16
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LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

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