LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

IndexAbbas, Ihsan, 54ÆAbduh, Muhammad, 135Aberbach, David, 4absent-present experience, 7, 8and ironic reversal, 36–7and possible-impossible riddle, 36Aden, 181Ahmed, Leila, 135al-Ahram newspaper, 183AIDS, fictional response to, 193Akash, Munir, The Adam of Two Edens, 81Alameddine, Rabih, 190Koolaids: the Art of War, 192, 193–9Alexandria, 180Greek literature in, 184Algeria, 182independence struggle, 213, 216, 230nallegory, 6–7, 9in al-Hakim, 149–50in He Walked in the Fields, 126–7nin Men in the Sun, 54, 56, 57in Third World novels, 76–7nAmherst College (US), Five-College Programin Peace and World Security Studies,93, 99nAmichai, Yehuda, 80Amin, Qasim, 134, 135Al-Mar’a al-jadida (The New Woman), 135Tahrir al-mar’a (The Liberation of Women),135Anderson, Benedict, 59, 110, 158n, 176,199anti-colonialism, 163, 168–70, 214Anti-Oedipus (Deleuze and Guattari), 64Antonius, Georgeand Arabic language, 128, 129The Arab Awakening, 12, 128, 208Appadurai, Arjunand locality, 16–17, 22, 27Modernity at Large, 16Arab League, 179Arab literaturein English, 183–4as inspiration for nationalism, 211, 213as legitimisation of nationalism, 211as literature of struggle, 210‘national in the poetic’, 212–13in other languages, 182in Sudan, 165, 174translations into Hebrew, 102–3, 104–5see also Arabic language; poetryArab nationalism, 5and Arabic language, 128effect on cultural diversity, 13–14, 181–2failures of, 217–18and Islam, 213–14and literature, 5, 129–30, 208–9and nahda (cultural renaissance), 129,131and poetry, 5, 12, 162, 209–10, 215–29and recognition of Jews, 102and role of novel, 130secular, 216, 230nsee also pan-Arab nationalismArab Nationalist Movement, 64Arab world, diversity and links, 179–81Arabic language, 128, 177n, 179colloquial, 179–80Jewish literature written in, 186in Sudan, 164, 174verbs, 219–20, 228see also dialectArafat, Yasir, 82’Araydi, NaÆim, 187ÆArif, ÆAbd al-Salam, 216Armenians, 181Atchity, K. J., 20, 21–2, 29–30nnAtiyah, Edward, 183audiences, 82, 84–90for Darwish’s ‘Indian Speech’, 84–5, 93–4,95–6—257 —www.taq.ir