LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

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introductionoriginal language. The volume also shows how cultural diversity can be injectedinto the ecology of nation and literature through emerging forms of expressionwhose hybridity is one of their chief hallmarks. In particular, a comparativeorientation is necessary to extend and refine our understanding of literature andnation. The participation in this of sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists,literary critics and students of nationalism, in disciplinary and crossdisciplinaryactivity, would help yield further insights.— 15 —www.taq.ir
1The Production of Locality in the OralPalestinian Poetry DuelNadia YaqubAt the end of his introduction to Nation and Narration, Homi Bhabha regretsthat he has not included the voices of those who, and I quote, ‘have not yetfound their nation: amongst them the Palestinians.’ Their voices, he goes on tosay, ‘remind us of important questions: When did we become “a people”? Whendid we stop being one? Or are we in the process of becoming one? What do thesebig questions have to do with our intimate relationships with each other andwith others?’ (1990: 7)These questions are, of course, too broad to be addressed in the present article,especially for Palestinians whose varied experience, as a minority group whetherin Israel, under occupation or in diaspora, means that any serious treatment oftheir national identity will be especially complex. Moreover, individual Palestinians,like other people, belong to different groups, enjoy diverse relationshipswith various ethnic, cultural and political entities, and at different times andplaces may express and, indeed, feel differently vis-à-vis their Palestinian-ness.We cannot hope, then, to answer Bhabha’s questions for Palestinians (Whendid they become ‘a people’? When did they stop being one? Are they in theprocess of becoming one, and so on) in any definitive or complete way. Rather,to understand the ‘people-hood’ of Palestinians generally we must begin byconsidering how that notion is engendered locally, among discrete groups ofPalestinians. Towards this end, I will explore how some Palestinians use atraditional poetic genre, namely the oral Palestinian poetry duel, continually tocreate and maintain their Palestinian-ness and to define it, at least amongthemselves, on their own terms.Intimately related to the question of national identity is that of locality, theprocess of locating the subject, a concept discussed at length by ArjunAppadurai in Modernity at Large (1996). Because he is concerned with globalcultural flows and the production of locality on the part of the dispossessed, thede-territorialised and the transient, he is careful to distinguish between locationin a given place which may or may not be coincidental with locality, but whichis not a necessary component of it, and a relationship with place which is a vitalelement of locality (1996: 199). People may define themselves in relation toplaces in which they do not reside, have never resided, and may never reside.— 16 —www.taq.ir
Page 1: LITERATUREAND NATION INTHE MIDDLE E
Page 6 and 7: Notes on the ContributorsDr Hannah
Page 8 and 9: AcknowledgementsWe would like to th
Page 10 and 11: Introduction 1Literature and Nation
Page 12 and 13: introductionliterary lens, while at
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Page 20 and 21: introductionreadings. Shai Ginsburg
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gender and the palestinian narrativ
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14Darwish’s ‘Indian Speech’ a
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darwish’s ‘indian speech’ as
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israeli jewish nation buildingcircl
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israeli jewish nation buildingTrans
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israeli jewish nation buildingHebre
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israeli jewish nation buildingfrom
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israeli jewish nation building4. Th
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etween myth and historygonist Uri a
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etween myth and historysake of that
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etween myth and historyheroic act o
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etween myth and historygenerations.
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etween myth and historyimprint, and
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etween myth and historywith minor c
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etween myth and historybehaviour, m
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etween myth and history10. Both Oz
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etween myth and historytraditionall
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writing the nationI do not mean to
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writing the nationand, indeed, nece
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writing the nationadvocate from a w
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writing the nationWatani Party (Bar
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writing the nationHowever much they
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writing the nationchange, we can re
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writing the nationon an affair ‘s
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writing the nationhimself as a stau
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writing the nationobvious dramatic
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writing the nation… A person scru
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writing the nationcomrades till he
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writing the nationsets himself up a
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writing the nationWere they chantin
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writing the nationto disrupt the re
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writing the nationAmazingly Abduh,
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writing the nation1968), 83-109; an
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writing the nation33. See, for inst
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arabic poetry, nationalism and soci
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19Marginal Literatures of the Middl
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marginal literatures of the middle
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the predicament of in-betweennessco
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the predicament of in-betweennesssi
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the predicament of in-betweennessev
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the predicament of in-betweennessse
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the predicament of in-betweennessa
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the predicament of in-betweennessfo
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the predicament of in-betweennessTh
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the predicament of in-betweennesswe
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the predicament of in-betweenness5.
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the nation speaksIslamist nationali
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the nation speaksneighbour and regi
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the nation speaksinteresting kind,
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the nation speaksagreements between
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the nation speaksdate of compositio
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the nation speaksembodied in great
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the nation speaksspirituality with
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the nation speaksWhen will we pray?
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the nation speaksMin matahati landa
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the nation speaksinter-textuality t
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the nation speaksthe value of liter
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the nation speaksin April 1974 an
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ibliographyAdams, William Y. 1977.
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ibliographyal-Banna, ÆAbd Allah Mu
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ibliographyMiddle East. Miami: Flor
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ibliographyDenneny, Michael. 1999.
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ibliographyEnergy in Renaissance En
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ibliographyArt Forms. London and Ne
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ibliographyKhouri, Mounah A. 1971.
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ibliographyMassad, Joseph. 1995.
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ibliographyParkinson, Dilworth B. 1
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ibliographySarkar, Sumit. 1997. ‘
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ibliographySharqawi, Abd al-Rahman.
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ibliographyTirman, John. 2001, 8 Ju
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IndexAbbas, Ihsan, 54ÆAbduh, Muham
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indexFaqir, Fadia, 182Farah, Khalil
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indexLuah Eretz Yisrael (journal),
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indexoral Palestinian duel, 7-8, 16
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LITERATURE AND NATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST

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