ATmega32A Datasheet - Sunrom Technologies

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<strong>ATmega32A</strong>PWM frequency for the output when using phase correct PWM can be calculated by the followingequation:ff clk_I/OOCnPCPWM = -----------------N ⋅ 510The N variable represents the prescale factor (1, 8, 32, 64, 128, 256, or 1024).The extreme values for the OCR2 Register represent special cases when generating a PWMwaveform output in the phase correct PWM mode. If the OCR2 is set equal to BOTTOM, the outputwill be continuously low and if set equal to MAX the output will be continuously high for noninvertedPWM mode. For inverted PWM the output will have the opposite logic values.At the very start of period 2 in Figure 17-7 OCn has a transition from high to low even thoughthere is no Compare Match. The point of this transition is to guarantee symmetry around BOT-TOM. THere are two cases that give a transition without Compare Match.• OCR2A chages its value from MAX, like in Figure 17-7. When the OCR2A value is MAX theOCn pin value is the same as the result of a down-counting Compare Match. To ensuresymmetry around BOTTOM the OCn value at MAX must correspond to the result of an upcountingCompare Match.• The timer starts counting from a value higher than the one in OCR2A, and for that reasonmisses the Compare Match and hence the OCn change that would have happened on theway up.17.8 Timer/Counter Timing DiagramsThe following figures show the Timer/Counter in Synchronous mode, and the timer clock (clk T2 )is therefore shown as a clock enable signal. In Asynchronous mode, clk I/O should be replaced bythe Timer/Counter Oscillator clock. The figures include information on when Interrupt Flags areset. Figure 17-8 contains timing data for basic Timer/Counter operation. The figure shows thecount sequence close to the MAX value in all modes other than phase correct PWM mode.Figure 17-8.Timer/Counter Timing Diagram, no Prescalingclk I/Oclk Tn(clk I/O/1)TCNTn MAX - 1 MAX BOTTOM BOTTOM + 1TOVnFigure 17-9 shows the same timing data, but with the prescaler enabled.8155C–AVR–02/11128
<strong>ATmega32A</strong>Figure 17-9. Timer/Counter Timing Diagram, with Prescaler (f clk_I/O /8)clk I/Oclk Tn(clk I/O/8)TCNTn MAX - 1 MAX BOTTOM BOTTOM + 1TOVnFigure 17-10 shows the setting of OCF2 in all modes except CTC mode.Figure 17-10. Timer/Counter Timing Diagram, Setting of OCF2, with Prescaler (f clk_I/O /8)clk I/Oclk Tn(clk I/O/8)TCNTnOCRn - 1 OCRn OCRn + 1 OCRn + 2OCRnOCRn ValueOCFnFigure 17-11 shows the setting of OCF2 and the clearing of TCNT2 in CTC mode.8155C–AVR–02/11129
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ATmega32A2. OverviewThe Atmel ® AV
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ATmega32Ametrical drive characteris
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ATmega32A6.3.1 SREG - AVR Status Re
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ATmega32A6.4.1 The X-register, Y-re
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ATmega32AFigure 6-5.Single Cycle AL
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ATmega32AA return from an interrupt
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ATmega32AFigure 7-2.Data Memory Map
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ATmega32AEEPROM data corruption can
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ATmega32ASupport - Read-While-Write
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ATmega32AThe next code examples sho
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ATmega32A8.1.3 Flash Clock - clk FL
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ATmega32AThe CKSEL0 Fuse together w
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ATmega32A8.7 Calibrated Internal RC
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ATmega32A8.10 Register Description8
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ATmega32Aface, Timer/Counters, Watc
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ATmega32A9.8.4 Internal Voltage Ref
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ATmega32A10. System Control and Res
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ATmega32AFigure 10-3.MCU Start-up,
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ATmega32AADC is used. To reduce pow
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ATmega32AThe WDP2, WDP1, and WDP0 b
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ATmega32Athe case if the Reset Vect
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ATmega32A$382D out SPL,r16$382E sei
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ATmega32A12. I/O Ports12.1 Overview
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ATmega32AIf PORTxn is written logic
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ATmega32AThe following code example
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ATmega32AFigure 12-5. Alternate Por
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ATmega32ATable 12-3.Table 12-4 and
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ATmega32A• MOSI - Port B, Bit 5MO
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ATmega32A12.3.3 Alternate Functions
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ATmega32ATable 12-11. Overriding Si
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ATmega32A12.4.13 PIND - Port D Inpu
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ATmega32Alow level interrupt is sel
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ATmega32A14. 8-bit Timer/Counter0 w
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ATmega32ASignal description (intern
Page 77 and 78: ATmega32Athe OCR0 value, the compar
Page 79 and 80: ATmega32AFigure 14-5.CTC Mode, Timi
Page 81 and 82: ATmega32AThe PWM resolution for the
Page 83 and 84: ATmega32AFigure 14-9. Timer/Counter
Page 85 and 86: ATmega32ATable 14-2. Waveform Gener
Page 87 and 88: ATmega32AThe Output Compare Registe
Page 89 and 90: ATmega32AFigure 15-1.T1/T0 Pin Samp
Page 91 and 92: ATmega32A16. 16-bit Timer/Counter11
Page 93 and 94: ATmega32Aput Compare Units” on pa
Page 95 and 96: ATmega32Athe main code and the inte
Page 97 and 98: ATmega32A16.5 Counter UnitThe main
Page 99 and 100: ATmega32AThe ICR1 Register can only
Page 101 and 102: ATmega32ARegister to either TOP or
Page 103 and 104: ATmega32AA change of the COM1x1:0 b
Page 107: ATmega32AThe PWM resolution for the
Page 110: ATmega32AUsing the ICR1 Register fo
Page 113 and 114: ATmega32ATable 16-3 shows the COM1x
Page 115 and 116: ATmega32A• Bit 7 - ICNC1: Input C
Page 117 and 118: ATmega32AThe Input Capture is updat
Page 119 and 120: ATmega32A17. 8-bit Timer/Counter2 w
Page 121 and 122: ATmega32AFigure 17-2.DATA BUSCounte
Page 123 and 124: ATmega32AThe setup of the OC2 shoul
Page 125 and 126: ATmega32AFigure 17-5.CTC Mode, Timi
Page 127: ATmega32A17.7.4 Phase Correct PWM M
Page 131 and 132: ATmega32A• If Timer/Counter2 is u
Page 133 and 134: ATmega32AA FOC2 strobe will not gen
Page 135 and 136: ATmega32A17.11.2 TCNT2 - Timer/Coun
Page 137 and 138: ATmega32A17.11.7 SFIOR - Special Fu
Page 139 and 140: ATmega32Acommunication cycle when p
Page 141 and 142: ATmega32AAssembly Code Example (1)S
Page 143 and 144: ATmega32A18.3 SS Pin Functionality1
Page 145 and 146: ATmega32A18.3.4 SPSR - SPI Status R
Page 147 and 148: ATmega32A19. USART19.1 Features19.2
Page 149 and 150: ATmega32A19.2.1 AVR USART vs. AVR U
Page 151 and 152: ATmega32ATable 19-1.Operating ModeA
Page 153 and 154: ATmega32AThe frame format used by t
Page 155 and 156: ATmega32AThe following code example
Page 157 and 158: ATmega32AThe Transmit Complete (TXC
Page 159 and 160: ATmega32AAssembly Code Example (1)U
Page 161 and 162: ATmega32AThe PE bit is set if the n
Page 163 and 164: ATmega32AFigure 19-7.Stop Bit Sampl
Page 165 and 166: ATmega32AIf the receiver is set up
Page 167 and 168: ATmega32AThe following code example
Page 169 and 170: ATmega32A• Bit 0 - MPCM: Multi-pr
Page 171 and 172: ATmega32ATable 19-6.USBS Bit Settin
Page 173 and 174: ATmega32ATable 19-9.BaudRate(bps)Ex
Page 175 and 176: ATmega32ATable 19-11.BaudRate(bps)E
Page 177 and 178: ATmega32A20. Two-wire Serial Interf
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ATmega32Acondition is issued betwee
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ATmega32AFigure 20-6.Typical Data T
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ATmega32AFigure 20-9.Overview of th
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ATmega32A20.6 Using the TWIThe AVR
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ATmega32AAssembly code example C ex
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ATmega32ATable 20-2.Status Code(TWS
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ATmega32AFigure 20-12. Formats and
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ATmega32AThe upper seven bits are t
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ATmega32AFigure 20-16. Formats and
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ATmega32A4. The transfer must be fi
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ATmega32A20.9.2 TWCR - TWI Control
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ATmega32A20.9.5 TWAR - TWI (Slave)
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ATmega32A22. Analog to Digital Conv
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ATmega32AIf differential channels a
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ATmega32Ain ADCSRA. The prescaler k
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ATmega32ATable 22-1.ConditionADC Co
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ATmega32AIf the user has a fixed vo
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ATmega32AFigure 22-9.ADC Power Conn
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INLATmega32AFigure 22-12. Integral
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ATmega32ATable 22-2.Correlation bet
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ATmega32ATable 22-4.MUX4:011010 ADC
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ATmega32A22.9.4 SFIOR - Special Fun
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ATmega32A• TMS: Test Mode Select.
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ATmega32AThe TMS input must be held
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ATmega32A23.8 Using the JTAG Progra
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ATmega32A24.3.1 Bypass RegisterThe
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ATmega32AThe active states are:•
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ATmega32AFigure 24-4. General Port
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ATmega32AFigure 24-7.Boundary-scan
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ATmega32ATable 24-4.SignalNameBound
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ATmega32ATable 24-5.SignalNameBound
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ATmega32ATable 24-6.Algorithm for U
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ATmega32ATable 24-7. ATmega32A Boun
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ATmega32ATable 24-7. ATmega32A Boun
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ATmega32A25. Boot Loader Support -
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ATmega32AFigure 25-1.Read-While-Wri
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ATmega32Amemory by SPM instruction.
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ATmega32ANotes: 1. The different va
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ATmega32A25.8.8 EEPROM Write Preven
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ATmega32Asbiw loophi:looplo, 2brne
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ATmega32A26. Memory Programming26.1
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ATmega32ATable 26-4.Fuse Low ByteFu
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ATmega32ATable 26-7.Signal Name inP
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ATmega32Achanged. A Chip Erase must
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ATmega32AFigure 26-3. Programming t
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ATmega32A3. Set BS1 to “0” and
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ATmega32A26.7.14 Parallel Programmi
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ATmega32A26.9 SPI Serial Programmin
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ATmega32Awithout chip erasing the d
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ATmega32A26.9.4 SPI Serial Programm
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ATmega32A• Update-DR: The program
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ATmega32AFigure 26-14. Programming
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ATmega32AFigure 26-15. JTAG Program
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ATmega32AFigure 26-17. Virtual Flas
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ATmega32A26.10.18 Reading the Flash
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ATmega32A27. Electrical Characteris
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ATmega32A27.3 Speed GradesFigure 27
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ATmega32Aantees that a Brown-out Re
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ATmega32ATable 27-3. SPI Timing Par
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ATmega32ATable 27-5. ADC Characteri
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ATmega32A28. Typical Characteristic
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ATmega32AFigure 28-4.Active Supply
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ATmega32AFigure 28-8.Idle Supply Cu
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ATmega32AFigure 28-12. Idle Supply
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ATmega32A28.5 Standby Supply Curren
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ATmega32AFigure 28-20. Reset Pull-u
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ATmega32AFigure 28-24. I/O Pin Sink
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ATmega32AFigure 28-28. Reset Input
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ATmega32AFigure 28-32. BOD Threshol
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ATmega32AFigure 28-36. Calibrated 8
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ATmega32AFigure 28-48. ADC Current
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ATmega32A28.12 Current Consumption
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ATmega32A29. Register SummaryAddres
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ATmega32A30. Instruction Set Summar
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ATmega32AMnemonics Operands Descrip
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ATmega32A32. Packaging Information3
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ATmega32A32.3 44M1DMarked Pin# 1 ID
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ATmega32A34. Datasheet Revision His
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ATmega32A8.9 Timer/Counter Oscillat
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ATmega32A18.2 Overview ............
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ATmega32A26 Memory Programming ....
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Atmel Corporation2325 Orchard Parkw
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ATmega32A Datasheet - Sunrom Technologies

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