Status Report on Global Neem Usage - Gtz
Status Report on Global Neem Usage - Gtz Status Report on Global Neem Usage - Gtz
3. NEEM AS A NON-SYNTHETIC PESTICIDEFig. 3.5:Reasons for neem’s low level of acceptance as a pesticide, in % of theresponses (multiple answers were possible)not enough neem trees availableknow ledge not spread w idely enoughfarmers have no confidence in neemneem is too labour intensiveneem is not economicalsynthetic pesticides are easier to usesynthetic pesticides are cheaper/ easier to obtain0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%yes in parts noMost of those asked said that the reason neem is not used as a pesticide on a wider scalewas because they did not know enough about it. Thus there are many rural areas in Asia andAfrica with plentiful stands of neem trees, but the local population does not know how tomanufacture pesticides from them.The response "there are not enough neem trees" was often accompanied by the commentthat in regions in which it would be useful to exploit neem, too few or no trees at all are available.This response also indicates that one of the main factors hindering greater neem usageis its availability. Likewise, some of the responses identified the lack of professional marketingoptions for neem products (see Chapter 3.3) as one of the main obstacles to greaterusage.43
4. NEEM IN DEVELOPMENT-COOPERATION PROJECTS4. Neem in Development-cooperation ProjectsSection 4 offers a survey on ongoing or recently terminated German Technical Cooperationprojects, mostly those assisted by the GTZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit)GmbH. Also projects of other organisations and institutions which are working onneem are considered. This chapter lists neem activities for each country (alphabetically) ,starting with supra-regional projects.4.1 Supraregional Projects within the Scope of German TechnicalCooperationSupraregional: "Production of Natural Insecticides"Time frame: 1987 - 1994Short description of the project: Supraregional project geared to researching and disseminatingthe various possible types of usage to which the neem tree can be put, especially thatas a non-synthetic insecticide. The project was located at the Institute for Phytopathologyand Applied Zoology at the Justus-Liebig University in Gießen, Germany and was overseenby Prof. Dr. H. Schmutterer. The project's field station was located in the DominicanRepublic.The results of a preliminary project (1978 - 1987) whose scientific investigations focusedprimarily on the use of neem as a non-synthetic insecticide served as a basis for this project'sactivities (results published in 16 - 19 ).Project objective: To introduce farmers in pilot regions to the use of neem-seed (mainly selfprepared water) extracts and oil as standard insecticides for pest control.Key project activities: Research into the possible uses of neem and its constituent components;dissemination of the neem tree and knowledge of its manifold uses in pilot regions;development of concepts with NGOs in several countries for manufacturing and applyingsimple neem products; dissemination and promotion of know-how concerning the correct useof neem among farmers and interested institutions in developing countries.Target group: Farmers in developing countries, especially in areas with pests resistant tosynthetic agents and where there are many sorts of human-toxicological and eco-toxicologicalproblems as a result of the excessive use of chemical pesticides.Project field station: Dominican RepublicThe project's field station was attached to the "Instituto Politécnico Loyola" in San Cristóbal.The areas of activity included dissemination of the neem tree and its usage as a naturalpesticide, and the provision of simple neem insecticides for farmers in the pilot region.Furthermore, procedures for making simple neem insecticides were developed and appliedat farmer level. Many field trials were conducted so as to research the potential uses anddosages of neem products.44
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3. NEEM AS A NON-SYNTHETIC PESTICIDEFig. 3.5:Reas<strong>on</strong>s for neem’s low level of acceptance as a pesticide, in % of theresp<strong>on</strong>ses (multiple answers were possible)not enough neem trees availableknow ledge not spread w idely enoughfarmers have no c<strong>on</strong>fidence in neemneem is too labour intensiveneem is not ec<strong>on</strong>omicalsynthetic pesticides are easier to usesynthetic pesticides are cheaper/ easier to obtain0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%yes in parts noMost of those asked said that the reas<strong>on</strong> neem is not used as a pesticide <strong>on</strong> a wider scalewas because they did not know enough about it. Thus there are many rural areas in Asia andAfrica with plentiful stands of neem trees, but the local populati<strong>on</strong> does not know how tomanufacture pesticides from them.The resp<strong>on</strong>se "there are not enough neem trees" was often accompanied by the commentthat in regi<strong>on</strong>s in which it would be useful to exploit neem, too few or no trees at all are available.This resp<strong>on</strong>se also indicates that <strong>on</strong>e of the main factors hindering greater neem usageis its availability. Likewise, some of the resp<strong>on</strong>ses identified the lack of professi<strong>on</strong>al marketingopti<strong>on</strong>s for neem products (see Chapter 3.3) as <strong>on</strong>e of the main obstacles to greaterusage.43