DEV475 Mastering Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with UML ...

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DEV475 Mastering Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with UMLWhat Is Architecture?What Is Architecture?• Software architecture encompasses a set ofsignificant decisions about the organizationof a software system.• Selection of the structural elements and theirinterfaces by which a system is composed• Behavior as specified in collaborations amongthose elements• Composition of these structural and behavioralelements into larger subsystems• Architectural style that guides this organizationGrady Booch, Philippe Kruchten, Rich Reitman, Kurt Bittner; Rational(derived from Mary Shaw)Mastering Object Oriented Analysis and Design with UMLCopyright © 2003 Rational Software, all rights reserved 8Based on extensive research, Rational has established a definition of architecture.“Significant” in this context implies strategic, of major impact.The architecture has a static and a dynamic perspective.The architecture for similar systems should be similar (a particular style is used).An equation we have used is:Architecture = Elements + Form + Rationale.Rationale is essential for justifying a good architecture.Patterns are the guidelines for assembling elements in some form. We will discusspatterns in the architecture modules.4 - 8
Module 4 - Analysis and Design OverviewArchitecture Constrains Design and ImplementationArchitecture Constrains Design and Implementation• Architecture involves a set of strategicdesign decisions, rules or patterns thatconstrain design and construction.CodeImplementationDesignArchitectureArchitecture decisions are the most fundamentaldecisions, and changing them will have significant effects.Mastering Object Oriented Analysis and Design with UMLCopyright © 2003 Rational Software, all rights reserved 9Architectures can be viewed as a set of key design decisions.The architecture is the initial set of constraints placed on the system. Such constraintsare the the most important ones. They constitute the fundamental decisions aboutthe software design. Architecture puts a framework around the design. Architecturehas been called strategic design.An architect’s job is to eliminate unnecessary creativity. As you move closer to code,creativity is eliminated. (The architecture constrains the design which constrains theimplementation.) This is good because during Implementation, the creativity can bespent elsewhere (for example, for improving the quality, and performance) of theimplementation (for example, code).4 - 9
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